A vision neural prosthesis based upon intra-cortical micro-stimulation using an a

一种基于皮质内微刺激的视觉神经假体

• 批准号: 7566717
• 负责人: Bradley Greger
• 金额: $ 34.75万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF UTAH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-09-30 至 2012-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7566717
• 关键词: Accommodation phosphene; Animals; Behavior; Behavioral; Brain Part; Bypass; Calculi; Characteristics; Complex; Data; Detection; Development; Discrimination; Electric Stimulation; Electrodes; Goals; Human; Human Volunteers; Implant; Individual; Light; Localized; Location; Maps; Monitor; Monkeys; Motion; Neurons; Patients; Pattern; Positioning Attribute; Process; Prosthesis; Psychometrics; Public Health; Relative (related person); Resolution; Sampling; Shapes; Signal Transduction; Spottings; Standards of Weights and Measures; Stimulus; Techniques; Testing; Training; United States Food and Drug Administration; Utah; Vision; Visual; Visual Cortex; Visual Pathways; area striata; base; blind; concept; insight; luminance; millimeter; neural prosthesis; nonhuman primate; pre-clinical; receptive field; relating to nervous system; research study; response; size; visual information; visual stimulus

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of this project is to test the ability of intra-cortical electrical micro-stimulation to convey useful visual information to subjects. The data obtained from this study will be used to guide the development of a neural vision prosthesis capable of restoring useful visual input in profoundly blind human patients. The Utah Electrode Array, which has 100 micro-electrodes in a 2x4x4 millimeter package, will be used to conduct the proposed experiments, and hopefully will become the corner stone of a neural vision prosthesis. Using subjects' behavioral responses to micro-stimulation of primary visual cortex we will determine: 1) the optimal parameters of micro-stimulation for evoking a visual percept on each electrode in the array, 2) the ability of micro-stimulation on the array to evoke discriminable visual percepts, e.g. one spot of light versus two spots of light, and 3) the ability to evoke more complex patterns of visual percepts using simultaneous micro-stimulation across patterns of electrodes in the array. These experiments will provide a proof-of-concept that patterned electrical micro-stimulation of the visual cortex will evoke subjectively discriminable visual percepts useful for guiding behavior. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: There are currently few treatment options available to the profoundly blind. We are developing a vision prosthesis which could potentially restore limited, yet useful vision to the profoundly blind. This vision prosthesis will bypass damage sections of the visual pathways and provide visual input to patients by sending signals from a video camera directly to the vision processing parts of the brain.

描述（由申请人提供）：该项目的目标是测试皮质内电微刺激向受试者传达有用视觉信息的能力。 从这项研究中获得的数据将用于指导神经视觉假体的开发，该假体能够恢复严重失明的人类患者的有用视觉输入。 犹他电极阵列在 2x4x4 毫米封装中包含 100 个微电极，将用于进行拟议的实验，并有望成为神经视觉假体的基石。 利用受试者对初级视觉皮层微刺激的行为反应，我们将确定：1）在阵列中每个电极上引起视觉感知的微刺激的最佳参数，2）阵列上微刺激的能力唤起可辨别的视觉感知，例如 一个光点与两个光点，以及 3) 使用阵列中电极图案的同时微刺激来唤起更复杂的视觉感知模式的能力。 这些实验将提供一个概念证明，即视觉皮层的图案化电微刺激将唤起主观可辨别的视觉感知，从而有助于指导行为。 公共卫生相关性：目前，对于深度失明者来说，可用的治疗选择很少。 我们正在开发一种视觉假体，它有可能使严重失明的人恢复有限但有用的视力。 这种视觉假体将绕过视觉通路的损伤部分，并通过将视频摄像机的信号直接发送到大脑的视觉处理部分来为患者提供视觉输入。