Evolution and Human Reproduction: A longitudinal study of the Dogon of Mali

进化与人类繁殖：马里多贡人的纵向研究

• 批准号: 8119714
• 负责人: Beverly Ilse Strassmann
• 金额: $ 4.99万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-08-04 至 2013-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8119714
• 关键词: Address; Adolescence; Amenorrhea; Anthropology; Behavior; Biological; Biology; Blood Pressure; Books; Censuses; Child; Child Mortality; Contraceptive Agents; Contraceptive methods; Data; Data Set; Developing Countries; Development; Disease; Epidemiology; Evolution; Female; Fertility; Genetic; Growth; Growth and Development function; Gynecology; Hazard Models; Health; Hormones; Human; Infant; Infertility; Lead; Link; Logistic Regressions; Longevity; Longitudinal Studies; Mali; Medicine; Menopause; Menstrual cycle; Menstruation; Metabolic Diseases; Mothers; Natural Fertility; Parents; Pattern; Phenotype; Physicians; Population; Public Health; Reproduction; Reproductive Medicine; Risk; Rural; Sample Size; Sampling; Science; Scientist; Sexuality; Signal Transduction; Somatotropin; Statistical Methods; Time; United States; Variant; Woman; Work; design; experience; family structure; father role; grandparent; infancy; life history; male; malignant breast neoplasm; mortality; offspring; peer; population health; pregnant; reproductive; reproductive function; reproductive success

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The proposed scholarly work is a book to be titled: Evolution and Human Reproduction: A longitudinal study in the Dogon of Mali. It draws on over 20 years of quantitative data that the author collected in nine rural villages (population 5000) situated along the Bandiagara Escarpment. The Dogon are a natural fertility population which means that their reproductive patterns are not confounded by contraception. Hence they are ideal for studying the evolved mechanisms that underlie reproduction and behavior. The book will address such questions as: What causes variation in female fertility and child mortality? Are life history trade-offs observable in the data? What are the developmental origins of metabolic disease? How many lifetime menses do women experience if they spend most of the time pregnant or in lactational amenorrhea? In such women is the risk for breast cancer lower? Why did menopause evolve and what effect do grandparents have on children's growth and survival? What is the function of menstrual huts? Do women synchronize their menstrual cycles? The book is distinguished from its peers primarily by the availability of the author's unique, longitudinal data sets on fertility, mortality, menstruation, health, hormones, growth, and genetics. Sample sizes are large. For example, the study of menstruation includes data from a census of women present at the menstrual huts on each of 736 consecutive nights, including 550 menstrual onsets. The study of child growth, development, and survival includes 1700 children, most of whom were followed from infancy to late adolescence. The data on grandparents has a sample size of 6800 grandparents. State of the art statistical methods, such as logistic regression, Cox regression, and hazards modeling, were used in the analyses. The target audience is physicians and scientists.

描述（由申请人提供）： 拟议的学术著作名为：《进化与人类生殖：马里多贡人的纵向研究》。它借鉴了作者 20 多年来在班迪亚加拉悬崖沿线的 9 个乡村（人口 5000）收集的定量数据。多贡人是自然生育群体，这意味着他们的生殖模式不会因避孕而受到干扰。因此，它们是研究繁殖和行为的进化机制的理想选择。本书将解决以下问题：是什么导致女性生育力和儿童死亡率的变化？数据中是否可以观察到生活史的权衡？代谢性疾病的发育起源是什么？如果女性大部分时间都在怀孕或哺乳期闭经，那么她们一生会经历多少次月经？这样的女性患乳腺癌的风险是否较低？为什么会出现更年期？祖父母对孩子的成长和生存有何影响？经期小屋的作用是什么？女性的月经周期会同步吗？该书与同类书的主要区别在于，作者提供了关于生育力、死亡率、月经、健康、激素、生长和遗传学的独特纵向数据集。样本量很大。例如，月经研究包括对连续 736 个晚上出现在月经小屋的女性进行的人口普查数据，其中包括 550 个月经来潮的夜晚。这项关于儿童生长、发育和生存的研究包括 1700 名儿童，其中大多数从婴儿期到青春期后期进行了跟踪调查。祖父母数据的样本量为 6800 名祖父母。分析中使用了最先进的统计方法，例如逻辑回归、Cox 回归和风险建模。目标受众是医生和科学家。