At Risk Hispanic Gangs: Long-Term Consequences for Hiv, Hepatitis and STI

面临风险的西班牙裔帮派：艾滋病毒、肝炎和性传播感染的长期后果

• 批准号: 7622458
• 负责人: Alice Cepeda
• 金额: $ 58.85万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF HOUSTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-09-30 至 2012-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7622458
• 关键词: Adolescence; Adolescent; Adult; Age; Biological; Chlamydia trachomatis; Cocaine; Cohort Studies; Communities; Complex; Data Collection; Depth; Development; Disadvantaged; Drug abuse; Drug usage; Epidemic; Funding; HIV; HIV Seropositivity; Health; Hepatitis; Hepatitis B; Hepatitis B Virus; Hepatitis C virus; Heroin; Hispanics; Human Herpesvirus 2; Human immunodeficiency virus test; Imprisonment; Individual; Infection; Informal Social Control; Institutes; Intervention; Interview; Life Cycle Stages; Marijuana; Measurement; Methamphetamine; Methods; Mexican; Mexican Americans; Neisseria gonorrhoeae; Outcome; Persons; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Policies; Population; Powder dose form; Prevalence; Problem behavior; Process; Public Health; Questionnaires; Recording of previous events; Recruitment Activity; Research; Respondent; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Risk Factors; Sampling; Sampling Studies; Sexual Partners; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Social Problems; Structure; Surveys; Syphilis; Testing; Texas; Time; Unsafe Sex; Youth; cohort; follow-up; gang; high risk sexual behavior; life history; male; member; named group; theories; young adult

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This study will examine among former Mexican American gang members the associations between adolescent, early young adulthood and young adult-specific risk factors and the outcomes of infection with HIV, hepatitis B and C, sexually transmitted infections, and related infection risks. This application proposes to follow up a cohort of adolescent Mexican American male gang (n=160) members in San Antonio previously identified in a NIDA funded study (R01 DA08604). This sample will serve as t1 of the proposed longitudinal cohort study. For time two (a retrospective five year measurement point) and time three (current interview), we will re-interview the same respondents and recruit an additional cohort of 150 individuals. We will use specific analytical constructs from the age-graded theory of informal social control and Hispanic culture to explain the health consequences associated with the transition from adolescence to young adulthood that may be critical for HIV intervention efforts. Data collection will consist of the administration of a questionnaire (t2 and t3) that will include standardized assessments, biological assessments and qualitative life history interviews that will be conducted with a subset of the sample. The aims of the study are the following: 1. Determine the prevalence (tested) of HIV, HBV, HCV, and STIs, (chlamydia trachomatis, syphilis and herpes simplex virus-2) infection in young adulthood (n=310). 2. Determine the prevalence of HIV, hepatitis and STI infection risks, including high risk sexual behaviors, injecting drug use, non-injecting heroin and stimulant use and high-risk drug and sexual networks in young adulthood (n=310) 3. Determine, among gang members recruited ten years ago (n=160) whether the young adulthood outcomes of testing positive for HIV, hepatitis and STIs and infection risks are associated with the adolescent risk factors of informal social control processes and risk behaviors (T1). 4. Determine whether the young adulthood outcomes of testing positive for HIV, hepatitis and STIs and infection risks are associated with the early young adulthood factors of informal social control processes and incarceration history (T2) (n=310). 5. Determine whether the young adulthood outcomes of testing positive for HIV, hepatitis and STIs and infection risks are associated with the young adulthood informal social control processes, risk behaviors, and cultural factors (T3) (n=310). 6. Characterize qualitatively the complex processes, culture and context, associated with significant risk factors that are related to HIV, hepatitis, and STI's infection and infection risks during the life course trajectories from adolescence to young adulthood. Our research will significantly contribute to the development of selective HIV intervention preventions and policy discourse that take into consideration the distinct life course trajectories of gang affiliated populations. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The proposed study provides a unique opportunity to seek a comprehensive understanding of the long term health consequences of youth gang membership for infection with HIV, hepatitis B and C and STIs and related infection risks. The study will provide a unique opportunity to investigate the risk of an HIV epidemic within the context of a community with a high HCV and STI prevalence. Findings from this study can be used to develop HIV intervention strategies culturally appropriate for high risk Mexican American young adult populations

描述（由申请人提供）：本研究将在前墨西哥裔美国帮派成员中调查青春期、青年期早期和青年特有的危险因素与艾滋病毒、乙型和丙型肝炎、性传播感染和感染的结果之间的关联。相关感染风险。此应用程序计划对圣安东尼奥市的一群青少年墨西哥裔美国男性帮派 (n=160) 成员进行跟踪，这些成员先前在 NIDA 资助的研究 (R01 DA08604) 中确定。该样本将作为拟议的纵向队列研究的 t1。对于第二次（回顾性五年测量点）和第三次（当前访谈），我们将重新访谈相同的受访者，并另外招募 150 人。我们将使用来自非正式社会控制和西班牙文化的年龄分级理论的具体分析结构来解释与从青春期到成年早期过渡相关的健康后果，这可能对艾滋病毒干预工作至关重要。数据收集将包括问卷调查（t2 和 t3）的管理，其中包括标准化评估、生物学评估和对样本子集进行的定性生活史访谈。本研究的目的如下： 1. 确定青年期 (n=310) 的 HIV、HBV、HCV 和 STI（沙眼衣原体、梅毒和单纯疱疹病毒 2）感染流行率（已检测）。 2. 确定艾滋病毒、肝炎和性传播感染感染风险的流行情况，包括高危性行为、注射吸毒、非注射海洛因和兴奋剂使用以及青年期高危毒品和性网络 (n=310) 3. 确定，在十年前招募的帮派成员（n=160）中，艾滋病毒、肝炎和性传播感染检测呈阳性的青年期结果以及感染风险是否与青少年非正式社会控制过程和危险行为的危险因素相关（T1）。 4. 确定艾滋病毒、肝炎和性传播感染检测呈阳性的青年期结局以及感染风险是否与非正式社会控制过程和监禁史等青年期早期因素相关（T2）（n=310）。 5. 确定青年期 HIV、肝炎和性传播感染检测呈阳性的结果以及感染风险是否与青年期非正式社会控制过程、风险行为和文化因素相关 (T3) (n=310)。 6. 定性描述从青春期到成年早期的生命历程轨迹中与艾滋病毒、肝炎和性传播感染相关的重大风险因素以及感染风险相关的复杂过程、文化和背景。我们的研究将极大地促进选择性艾滋病毒干预预防措施和政策讨论的发展，同时考虑到与帮派相关的人群的独特生命历程轨迹。 公共卫生相关性：拟议的研究提供了一个独特的机会，以全面了解青少年帮派成员身份对感染艾滋病毒、乙型肝炎、丙型肝炎和性传播感染以及相关感染风险的长期健康后果。该研究将为调查丙型肝炎和性传播感染高流行社区中艾滋病毒流行的风险提供一个独特的机会。这项研究的结果可用于制定文化上适合高危墨西哥裔美国年轻人的艾滋病毒干预策略