Structural and Functional Connectivity of Large-Scale Brain Networks in Autism Sp

自闭症患者大规模大脑网络的结构和功能连接

• 批准号: 8049218
• 负责人: Lucina Qazi Uddin
• 金额: $ 16.9万
• 依托单位: STANFORD UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-04-01 至 2015-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8049218
• 关键词: Abbreviations; Affect; Affective; Anterior; Architecture; Attention; Autistic Disorder; Base of the Brain; Behavior; Behavioral; Behavioral Symptoms; Biological Markers; Brain; Brain imaging; Brain region; Child; Classification; Clinical; Clinical Psychology; Clinical assessments; Cognition; Cognitive; Complex; Data; Detection; Development; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Disease; Engineering; Etiology; Exhibits; Family; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Functional disorder; Goals; Impairment; Incidence; Individual; Insula of Reil; K-Series Research Career Programs; Lead; Measures; Mentors; Methods; Modeling; Neurobehavioral Manifestations; Neurodevelopmental Disorder; Neurology; Neurosciences Research; Pattern; Performance; Population; Process; Psychiatry; Public Health; Questionnaires; Research; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Research Training; Role; Severities; Stereotyped Behavior; Stimulus; Structure-Activity Relationship; Symptoms; System; Testing; Training; United States National Institutes of Health; Work; autism spectrum disorder; behavior measurement; cognitive neuroscience; computer program; effective therapy; executive function; experience; in vivo; independent component analysis; information processing; interest; network dysfunction; neuroimaging; novel; public health relevance; skill acquisition; skills; social; social communication; tool; white matter

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The long-term objective of this Career Development Award to Promote Diversity in Neuroscience Research is to develop the candidate's skills in applying novel brain network approaches to the study of neurodevelopmental disorders, and in conducting clinical assessments, so that she can become an independent investigator in the fields of neuroimaging and autism research. Specifically, the candidate will develop expertise in using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data in conjunction with recently developed multivariate pattern classification and effective connectivity analyses of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data to examine structural and intrinsic functional brain connectivity underlying atypical behavior and cognition in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). To this end, the candidate will be mentored and trained by experts in the fields of neuroimaging, engineering, clinical psychology, neurology and psychiatry. The candidate will also gain critical experience in clinical assessments necessary for successfully working with children with ASD. In addition, the candidate will undertake formal coursework and attend seminars in functional neuroimaging, clinical psychology, and computer programming to achieve this goal. The research project proposed by the candidate will enable the acquisition of the skills required to become a successful independent investigator in the field of developmental cognitive neuroscience. ASD is a complex neurodevelopmental disorder of largely unknown etiology, characterized by social communicative impairments, restricted interests, and repetitive and stereotyped behaviors. The main goal of the proposed research is to examine aberrant structural and functional brain connectivity underlying atypical cognition and behavior in children with ASD. The candidate proposes to probe large-scale brain networks using DTI and fMRI to examine possible aberrant cortical connectivity and compromises in dynamic interactions between networks in children with ASD. She will specifically test a novel systems-level hypothesis she has put forth, synthesizing recent advances in brain network connectivity with converging evidence from neuroimaging studies in autism. The hypothesis is that hypoactivity of the anterior insula during processing of social stimuli results in reduced salience detection in individuals with ASD, which impairs dynamic switching between other large-scale brain networks important for cognition. Additionally, she will explore methods to establish brain-based biomarkers to distinguish children with ASD from typically developing children using a combination of brain connectivity measures and cognitive and behavioral measures. Completion of this research project and training plan will enable Dr. Uddin to gain proficiency relevant to her goal of becoming an independent investigator in the fields of autism and neuroimaging research, and will also facilitate the principled development of biomarkers of brain network dysfunction in ASD. This Career Development Award is consistent with the NIH goals to promote diversity in neuroscience research. ) PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) affect 1:150 individuals, and the incidence continues to rise steadily, making the disorder an urgent public health concern. ASD results in lifelong difficulties for afflicted individuals and their families, and there is no known cure. Recently developed analytic tools have enabled the study of brain connectivity in vivo, revealing important principles of brain organization in individuals with ASD. Characterization of the integrity and functional roles of brain networks, as well as interactions between them, will help us to understand the underlying brain differences in individuals with ASD and eventually lead to the development of more effective treatments and therapies. )

描述（由申请人提供）：该职业发展奖的长期目标是促进神经科学研究的多样性，是在将新颖的大脑网络方法应用于神经发育障碍的研究以及进行临床评估方面，以发展候选人的技能，以便她可以成为神经兴奋剂和自动化研究领域的独立研究者。 Specifically, the candidate will develop expertise in using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data in conjunction with recently developed multivariate pattern classification and effective connectivity analyses of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data to examine structural and intrinsic functional brain connectivity underlying atypical behavior and cognition in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD).为此，候选人将受到神经影像，工程，临床心理学，神经病学和精神病学领域的专家的指导和培训。候选人还将获得与ASD儿童成功合作所需的临床评估中的重要经验。此外，候选人将进行正式的课程，并参加功能性神经影像学，临床心理学和计算机编程的研讨会，以实现这一目标。候选人提出的研究项目将使成为发展认知神经科学领域的成功独立研究者所需的技能。 ASD是一种复杂的神经发育障碍，主要是未知的病因，其特征是社会交流障碍，限制性利益以及重复和刻板印象的行为。拟议的研究的主要目标是检查ASD儿童的非典型认知和行为的异常结构和功能性脑连通性。候选人建议使用DTI和fMRI探测大规模的大脑网络，以检查ASD儿童网络之间的动态相互作用中可能的异常皮质连通性和妥协。她将专门检验她提出的新型系统级假设，从而综合了脑网络连通性的最新进展，并从自闭症中的神经成像研究中融合了证据。假设是，在加工社会刺激过程中，前岛的次距离降低会导致ASD个体的显着性检测降低，这会损害其他大型脑网络之间对认知很重要的动态切换。此外，她将探索建立基于大脑的生物标志物的方法，以将ASD儿童与通常使用大脑连通性测量以及认知和行为措施的结合结合在一起。该研究项目和培训计划的完成将使Uddin博士能够获得与她成为自闭症和神经影像学领域的独立研究者有关的熟练程度，并将促进ASD中ASD脑网络功能障碍的生物标志物的原则发展。该职业发展奖与NIH的目标是一致的，旨在促进神经科学研究中的多样性。 ） 公共卫生相关性：自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）影响1：150个人，并且发病率继续稳步上升，使该疾病成为紧急的公共健康问题。 ASD造成了受苦的个体及其家人终生困难，并且没有已知的治愈方法。最近开发的分析工具使体内大脑连通性的研究揭示了ASD患者大脑组织的重要原理。脑网络的完整性和功能作用的表征以及它们之间的相互作用将有助于我们了解ASD患者的潜在大脑差异，并最终导致更有效的治疗和疗法的发展。 ）