Impact of simulated environmental conditions (temperature and humidity) on the meat quality, stress physiology, and behaviour of market age turkeys

模拟环境条件（温度和湿度）对上市年龄火鸡的肉质、应激生理和行为的影响

• 批准号: 566440-2021
• 负责人: SchweanLardner, KarenKV
• 金额: $ 8.64万
• 依托单位: University of Saskatchewan
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Alliance Grants
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=743516
• 关键词: Impact; simulated; environmental; conditions; temperature

The transportation of poultry can greatly impact meat quality and bird welfare. Although there are various stressors such as handling, crating, vibration, and noise, weather is often one of the most important stressors as it influences temperature and relative humidity within the truck. In addition, Canadian climate poses unique challenges as both summer and winter transport can present extreme temperature and relative humidity conditions. Previous research at the university of Saskatchewan evaluated the effects of four temperatures (35, 28, 20, and -18 Celsius) and two relative humidity (30 and 80%) set points in controlled environmental chambers on turkey toms and hens. When exposed to 35C, turkeys were unable to cope with the heat and demonstrated signs of heat stress. However, when exposed to 28C birds successfully coped. In addition, both toms and hens were able to successfully cope with cold exposure (-18C). Therefore, the aim of the proposed research is to further examine and establish both upper and lower temperature exposure thresholds of turkey toms and hens during simulated transport conditions. The proposed temperature set points are 30, 15, and -20C and proposed relative humidity set pints are 30 and 80%. In addition, the proposed research would evaluate two transport durations (4 and 8 hours). The data collected (including weight changes, behaviour, physiological stress, and meat quality parameters, to allow strong assessment of welfare and food quality) would aim to establish a well-rounded assessment of the effects of simulated transport on meat quality and welfare (core body temperature, blood physiology, and behaviour) of turkey toms and hens. This research would be beneficial for the Canadian poultry industry by providing guidance and assisting in the development of industry recommendations and guidelines for the humane transport of turkey hens and toms.

家禽的运输会极大地影响肉质和家禽福利。尽管存在各种压力源，例如搬运、装箱、振动和噪音，但天气通常是最重要的压力源之一，因为它会影响卡车内的温度和相对湿度。此外，加拿大的气候带来了独特的挑战，因为夏季和冬季运输都可能出现极端的温度和相对湿度条件。萨斯喀彻温大学之前的研究评估了受控环境室中四种温度（35、28、20和-18摄氏度）和两种相对湿度（30%和80%）设定点对火鸡公鸡和母鸡的影响。当暴露在 35°C 的环境中时，火鸡无法应对高温，并表现出热应激的迹象。然而，当暴露于 28C 时，鸟类成功应对。此外，公鸡和母鸡都能够成功应对寒冷暴露（-18C）。因此，本研究的目的是进一步检查和建立模拟运输条件下火鸡公鸡和母鸡的温度暴露上限和下限阈值。建议的温度设置点为 30、15 和 -20C，建议的相对湿度设置点为 30 和 80%。此外，拟议的研究将评估两种运输持续时间（4 小时和 8 小时）。收集的数据（包括体重变化、行为、生理压力和肉类质量参数，以便对福利和食品质量进行强有力的评估）旨在对模拟运输对肉类质量和福利的影响建立全面的评估（核心火鸡公鸡和母鸡的体温、血液生理学和行为）。这项研究将为加拿大家禽业提供指导并协助制定火鸡母鸡和公鸡人道运输的行业建议和指南，从而对加拿大家禽业有益。