Improving Vaccination Coverage Among Adolescents

提高青少年的疫苗接种覆盖率

• 批准号: 8138654
• 负责人: Kevin J. Dombkowski
• 金额: $ 40万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-09-01 至 2014-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8138654
• 关键词: Improving; Vaccination; Coverage; Among; Adolescents

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Recognition that adolescents are a reservoir for several vaccine preventable diseases has led to a number of new vaccine recommendations specifically targeted to this population. However, implementation of the "adolescent platform" of vaccines, which includes the tetanus-diphtheria-acellular pertussis (Tdap), meningococcal conjugate (MCV4), human papillomavirus (HPV4) vaccines (for females) has thus far been substantially below national vaccine coverage goals. There is a paucity of data regarding effective interventions for improving vaccination coverage within the adolescent population. Our broad, long term research objective therefore is to develop and evaluate interventions to improve uptake of vaccines by this population. Patient, parent and provider barriers to, and facilitators of, adolescent vaccination are not well understood. The objectives of this proposal are to conduct formative research so as to better understand these factors, and then use this information to develop, implement and assess a multi-component intervention to improve adolescent vaccine uptake. At a minimum, the intervention will include 1) reminder/recall systems to alert parents and providers about when vaccine doses are needed, and 2) a tailored educational web-based tool to modify negative parental attitudes about adolescent vaccines. These two issues are believed to be major barriers to improving adolescent vaccine utilization. The four Aims of this proposal are: 1) To determine the baseline utilization levels of, and the clinical and personal characteristics associated with, vaccine utilization for the adolescent platform of vaccines among a defined population in Michigan; 2) To assess the patient, parent and provider barriers that currently hinder adolescent vaccine utilization in this population; 3) To develop, implement, and assess a multi-component intervention to improve adolescent vaccination rates within this population; and 4) To develop an adolescent vaccination "toolkit" that is based on "lessons learned" from our intervention. Impact: The expected outcome of our proposal is the development of a multi-component intervention that is effective at increasing adolescent vaccine utilization, and a provider "toolkit" that can be used to implement these interventions elsewhere. Because we intend to develop interventions that could be feasibly implemented in a variety of settings, our intervention could have a significant impact because it would be easily scaleable to broader and larger populations to improve adolescent vaccination rates. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Under-utilization of adolescent vaccines is a major public health concern because it leads to an increased risk of acquiring and transmitting vaccine preventable diseases. The innovative intervention approaches we propose will be able to improve upon proven strategies for increasing immunization (i.e. reminder/recall systems) and also explore novel methods for improving adolescent vaccine delivery (e.g. tailored messaging) that have been successfully applied to other preventive health care behaviors, but have not been evaluated in the realm of adolescent vaccination. Our efforts will be translated into an immunization provider toolkit which would enable our methods to be implemented in a much broader population, potentially having a substantial impact adolescent vaccination rates.

描述（由申请人提供）：认识到青少年是多种可预防疾病的储层，导致了许多针对该人群的新疫苗建议。然而，疫苗的“青春期平台”的实施，其中包括二甲肌 - 细胞百日咳（TDAP），脑膜炎球菌共轭物（MCV4），人乳头瘤病毒（HPV4）疫苗（女性）迄今已基本低于国家疫苗的覆盖范围。关于改善青少年人群中疫苗接种覆盖率的有效干预措施的数据很少。因此，我们广泛的长期研究目标是制定和评估干预措施，以改善该人群对疫苗的摄取。患者，父母和提供者对青少年疫苗接种的障碍和促进者尚不清楚。该提案的目标是进行形成性研究，以更好地理解这些因素，然后使用此信息来开发，实施和评估多组分干预措施，以改善青少年疫苗的摄取。至少将包括1）提醒/召回系统，以提醒父母和提供者何时需要疫苗剂量，以及2）一种基于教育的量身定制的基于教育的工具，以改变对青少年疫苗的负面态度。据信这两个问题是改善青少年疫苗利用的主要障碍。该提案的四个目的是：1）确定密歇​​根州定义人口中疫苗的青少年疫苗平台的疫苗利用的基线利用水平以及与临床和个人特征相关的临床和个人特征； 2）评估目前阻碍青少年疫苗利用的患者，父母和提供者障碍； 3）开发，实施和评估多组分干预措施，以提高该人群中的青少年疫苗接种率； 4）要开发一种基于从我们的干预措施中学到的“经验教训”的青少年疫苗接种“工具包”。影响：我们提案的预期结果是开发有效增加青少年疫苗利用的多组分干预措施，以及可用于在其他地方实施这些干预措施的提供商“工具包”。因为我们打算开发可以在各种环境中实施的干预措施，所以我们的干预措施可能会产生重大影响，因为它可以轻松地缩放到更广泛和更大的人群中，以提高青少年疫苗接种率。 公共卫生相关性：青少年疫苗的利用不足是一个主要的公共卫生问题，因为它导致收购和传输可预防疾病的风险增加。我们提出的创新干预方法将能够改善可靠的免疫接种策略（即提醒/召回系统），并探讨用于改善青少年疫苗输送（例如量身定制的消息传递）的新方法，这些方法已成功地应用于其他预防性医疗保健行为，但尚未在AREAL中被评估为AREAL的AREM of ADERECTICCENTCENTINC CAINCENTICT。我们的努力将转化为免疫提供者工具包，这将使我们的方法能够在更广泛的人群中实施，并可能产生重大影响青少年疫苗接种率。