Transmission dynamics of cryptosporidial infections in India

印度隐孢子虫感染的传播动态

• 批准号: 8026868
• 负责人: GAGANDEEP KANG
• 金额: $ 7.68万
• 依托单位: CHRISTIAN MEDICAL COLLEGE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-03-15 至 2012-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8026868
• 关键词: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Adult; Affect; Age; Animals; Area; Asses; Categories; Child; Childhood; Clinical; Communities; Cryptosporidiosis; Cryptosporidium; Data; Databases; Developed Countries; Developing Countries; Diarrhea; Disease; Disease Outbreaks; Endemic Diseases; Enteral; Environment; Environmental Risk Factor; Epidemiology; Family member; Funding; Genes; Genetic Polymorphism; Genotype; Goals; Growth; Household; Hygiene; Immune; Immune response; Immunocompetent; Immunocompromised Host; India; Infant Mortality; Infection; Knowledge; Lead; Longitudinal Studies; Maternal antibody; Mediating; Medical center; Membrane Proteins; Methodology; Methods; Modeling; Molecular; Molecular Profiling; Morbidity - disease rate; New England; Nutritional status; Parasites; Participant; Patients; Pilot Projects; Play; Predisposition; Prospective Studies; Public Health; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Safety; Sanitation; Screening procedure; Sewage; Slum; Source; Technology; Time; United States National Institutes of Health; Water; Water Supply; Weaning; base; biodefense; cognitive function; cohort; design; disorder control; drinking; drinking water; immune function; innovation; medical schools; multidisciplinary; prevent; programs; social; therapy development; transmission process; waterborne

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The overall goal of this collaborative study is to investigate the transmission dynamics of cryptosporidial infections in children in southern India. In developing countries, cryptosporidiosis is a cause, not only of outbreaks, but also of significant endemic disease and morbidity, resulting in diarrheal disease and long-term consequences such as impaired growth and cognitive function. Although cryptosporidiosis is a cause of immediate and prolonged morbidity, the risk factors that affect acquisition of infection in developing countries are not completely understood. In collaborative studies between the Christian Medical College, Vellore, India and the Tufts-New England Medical Center, we propose to use state-of-the-art epidemiological and molecular methodology to investigate the source and spread of infection to children in this area by assessing risks from the external and domestic environment. In this application, our multidisciplinary team will intensively follow two cohorts of children with protected and unprotected drinking water sources in order to quantify the risk of infection from familial, domestic and environmental sources for a period from weaning and for up to two years in a semi-urban slum area of Vellore, South India, where Cryptosporidium is the most common cause of parasitic diarrhea. This study will determine the time to first cryptosporidial infection in children drinking protected and unprotected water, in the context of maternal antibodies, hygiene, water safety and sanitation practices, as well as potentially transmissible infections in family members, household animals, drinking water and sewage. Molecular information on genotyping will be integrated with clinical and epidemiologic information in a spatial database to build integrated models to assess indicators for infection. The underlying hypothesis is that the time to infection with Cryptosporidium spp. in southern India is dependent on environmental risk factors that can be quantified and modeled. This will be the first prospective study of transmission dynamics of cryptosporidiosis using molecular fingerprinting and geospatial technology. This study has important implications for public health because there are no data from longitudinal studies from developing countries using molecular and geospatial methods to asses the role of familial and environmental risk factors in transmission of cryptosporidiosis in children. These data will provide the basis for the logical development of interventions that are appropriate to the developing country communities in which cryptosporidiosis is common.

描述（由申请人提供）：这项合作研究的总体目标是研究印度南部儿童隐孢子虫感染的传播动态。在发展中国家中，隐孢子虫病不仅是暴发的原因，而且是爆发严重的地方性疾病和发病率，导致腹泻疾病和长期后果，例如增长和认知功能受损。尽管隐孢子虫病是立即和长期发病率的原因，但影响发展中国家感染获得的危险因素尚未完全了解。在基督教医学院，Vellore，印度和塔夫茨新英格兰医学中心之间的合作研究中，我们建议使用最先进的流行病学和分子方法论，通过评估外部和国内环境的风险来调查该领域儿童感染的来源和传播。在此应用程序中，我们的多学科团队将密切关注两名患有受保护和未受保护的饮用水源的儿童，以量化家庭，家庭和环境环境来源的感染风险，从断奶和在印度南部的Vellore半岛贫民窟中长达两年，在印度南印度的半城市贫民窟地区，是Cryptosporidium的最常见原因。这项研究将确定在孕产妇抗体，卫生，水安全和卫生实践以及家庭成员，家用动物，饮用水和污水中的潜在传播感染的背景下，在饮酒受保护和未受保护的水中首次饮用受保护和未受保护的水中首次隐孢子虫感染的时间。有关基因分型的分子信息将与空间数据库中的临床和流行病学信息集成，以构建综合模型以评估感染指标。潜在的假设是用隐孢子虫属于感染的时间。在印度南部，取决于可以量化和建模的环境风险因素。这将是使用分子指纹和地理空间技术的隐孢子虫病传播动力学的第一个前瞻性研究。这项研究对公共卫生具有重要意义，因为没有来自发展中国家的纵向研究的数据使用分子和地理空间方法来评估家庭和环境风险因素在儿童中隐孢子虫病传播中的作用。这些数据将为逻辑开发干预措施的逻辑发展提供基础，这些干预措施适用于具有隐孢子虫病很普遍的发展中国家社区。

项目成果

Cryptosporidiosis Among Children in an Endemic Semiurban Community in Southern India: Does a Protected Drinking Water Source Decrease Infection?

• DOI: 10.1093/cid/cit288
• 发表时间: 2013-08-01
• 期刊: CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
• 影响因子: 11.8
• 作者: Sarkar, Rajiv;Ajjampur, Sitara S. R.;Kang, Gagandeep
• 通讯作者: Kang, Gagandeep

Rotavirus seasonality and age effects in a birth cohort study of southern India.

• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0071616
• 发表时间: 2013
• 期刊: PloS one
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Sarkar R;Kang G;Naumova EN
• 通讯作者: Naumova EN

Burden of childhood diseases and malnutrition in a semi-urban slum in southern India.

印度南部半城市贫民窟的儿童疾病和营养不良负担。

• DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-13-87
• 发表时间: 2013
• 期刊: BMC public health
• 影响因子: 4.5
• 作者: Sarkar,Rajiv;Sivarathinaswamy,Prabhu;Thangaraj,Bhuvaneshwari;Sindhu,KulandaipalayamNatarajanChella;Ajjampur,SitaraSwarnaRao;Muliyil,Jayaprakash;Balraj,Vinohar;Naumova,ElenaN;Ward,Honorine;Kang,Gagandeep
• 通讯作者: Kang,Gagandeep