Biomarkers of Exposure to and Health Effects from SHS in Outdoor Smoking Areas

室外吸烟区二手烟暴露及其健康影响的生物标志物

• 批准号: 8127989
• 负责人: LUKE P NAEHER
• 金额: $ 14.7万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF GEORGIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-08-12 至 2013-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8127989
• 关键词: 1-Butanol; Abbreviations; Acute; Address; Aliquot; Americas; Area; Asthma; Biological Assay; Biological Markers; Biological Markers; Caliber; Carbon Monoxide; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cessation of life; Chronic; Clara cell; Consensus; Cotinine; Country; Data; Disease; Dose; Employee; Environment; Environmental Tobacco Smoke; Enzymes; Epithelial; Epithelium; Exposure to; Family; Health; Health Status; Human; Injury; Link; Lipid Peroxidation; Literature; Location; Lung; Lung diseases; Malignant Neoplasms; Mass Spectrum Analysis; Measurable; Measures; Modeling; Monitor; Morbidity - disease rate; Nicotine; Nitrosamines; Outcome; Oxidative Stress; Particulate Matter; Permeability; Policy Making; Proteins; Public Facilities; Public Health; Publishing; Reporting; Research Personnel; Restaurants; Risk; Risk Assessment; Saliva; Salivary; Sampling; Serum; Site; Smoker; Smoking; Statutes and Laws; Techniques; Testing; Time; Tobacco; Tobacco smoke; United States; Urine; Work; abstracting; exposed human population; isoprostaglandin F2alpha type-III; mortality; non-smoker; oxidative damage; pollutant; public health relevance; restricting smoking; uptake; urinary

DESCRIPTION (provided by investigator): Project Summary/Abstract Exposure of humans to secondhand smoke (SHS) is associated with adverse health effects including cancer, respiratory disease, and cardiovascular disease. The increasing body of evidence linking SHS exposure to increased risk of morbidity and mortality has led to passage of indoor smoking bans. However, as smoking bans are implemented in restaurants, bars, and other public indoor establishments, smokers move outdoors and an increasing number of non-smokers are exposed to outdoor SHS. While the public's concern is justifiable, human health risk assessment and policy making are impeded by the lack of empirical data on outdoor SHS levels and health outcomes attributable to SHS commonly encountered outdoors. The primary objectives of this application are to conduct systematic exposure and acute health endpoint assessments using environmental markers of tobacco smoke, biomarkers of tobacco smoke exposure, and biomarkers of acute oxidative stress and pulmonary injury. Preliminary work has shown significant positive correlations between particulate matter (PM2.5) and/or carbon monoxide (CO) and number of smokers outside establishments, significant increases in salivary cotinine, and measurable increases in urinary 4-(N- methylnitrosamino)-1-(s-pyridyl)-1-butanol (NNAL) in subjects exposed to SHS outside restaurants and bars. We hypothesize that a dose-dependent increase in biomarkers of tobacco smoke, cotinine and NNAL, in subjects exposed to SHS outside restaurants and bars; higher concentrations of cotinine and NNAL will be measured in subjects outside bars compared to subjects outside restaurants due to higher number of smokers outside the bars. We also hypothesize that subjects exposed to SHS will have a dose-dependent increase in 8-isoprostane, a measure of oxidative stress, as well as a transient increase in serum Clara cell protein (CC16), a marker of altered lung epithelial permeability, after exposure to outdoor SHS. To test these hypotheses, we plan to conduct human exposures to SHS originating from regular smokers outside of restaurants and bars in downtown Athens, Georgia. Exposures will be characterized using real-time area PM2.5 and CO monitors, time-integrated passive area nicotine monitors, as well as biological markers, salivary cotinine and urinary NNAL. Acute health endpoints will be determined by measuring urinary 8-isoprostane, a product of lipid peroxidation and validated oxidative stress biomarker, as well as serum CC16 to assess oxidative damage to the lung epithelium. This proposed study seeks to provide relevant data on outdoor SHS exposure and associated acute health outcomes that may be used for human health risk assessment and policy making. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: In the setting of bars and restaurants where indoor smoking is banned and outdoor smoking areas are available, the primary objectives of this applications are to conduct systematic exposure and acute health endpoint assessments in non-smokers using environmental markers of SHS exposure, biomarkers of SHS exposure, and biomarkers of acute oxidative stress and pulmonary injury. These data are important for human health risk assessment and policy making relevant to SHS exposures in these outdoor settings - an area of growing public health concern.

描述（研究人员提供）：人类对二手烟（SHS）的项目摘要/抽象暴露与不良健康影响有关，包括癌症，呼吸道疾病和心血管疾病。越来越多的证据与SHS暴露与发病和死亡率的增加有关，导致了室内吸烟禁令的通过。但是，随着在餐馆，酒吧和其他公共室内机构中实施吸烟禁令，吸烟者在户外移动，并且越来越多的非吸烟者暴露于户外SHS。尽管公众的关注是合理的，但人类健康风险评估和政策制定受到缺乏关于室外SHS水平和可归因于通常在户外遇到的SHS的健康状况的经验数据的阻碍。 该应用的主要目标是使用烟草烟雾的环境标记，烟草烟雾暴露的生物标志物以及急性氧化应激和肺部损伤的生物标志物进行系统的暴露和急性健康终点评估。初步工作显示了颗粒物（PM2.5）和/或一氧化碳（CO）与企业外的吸烟者数量之间的显着正相关，唾液中性氨基氨酸的显着增加以及可测量的4-（N-甲基硝基氨基氨基氨基）的可测量增加，以外的是-1-苯甲醇（n Nalnal）和餐厅。我们假设在暴露于餐馆和酒吧外的SHS的受试者中，烟草，可替宁和Nnal的生物标志物的剂量依赖性增加；与餐馆外的受试者相比，由于酒吧外的吸烟者数量较高，在酒吧外部的受试者中，将在酒吧外的受试者中测量浓度更高。我们还假设暴露于SHS的受试者将在8-异丙烷中剂量依赖性增加，这是氧化应激的度量，以及血清Clara细胞蛋白（CC16）的短暂增加，这是肺上皮渗透性改变的标志物，在暴露于户外Shs后。 为了检验这些假设，我们计划向源自乔治亚州雅典市中心餐馆和酒吧以外的普通吸烟者进行人类暴露。使用实时区域PM2.5和CO监视，时间融合的被动区域尼古丁监测器以及生物标记，唾液可替宁和尿液NNAL的暴露将被表征。急性健康终点将通过测量8-异丙烷（脂质过氧化和验证的氧化应激生物标志物）以及血清CC16来确定，以评估对肺上皮的氧化损伤。这项拟议的研究旨在提供有关室外SHS暴露和相关急性健康结果的相关数据，这些数据可用于人类健康风险评估和政策制定。 公共卫生相关性：在禁止禁止室内吸烟并提供户外吸烟区的酒吧和餐馆的环境中，此应用的主要目标是使用SHS暴露的环境标志物进行系统的暴露和急性健康终点评估，并使用SHS暴露，SHS暴露的生物标志物，SHS暴露的生物标志物以及急性氧化压力和纯氧化压力。这些数据对于在这些户外环境中与SHS暴露有关的人类健康风险评估和政策至关重要，这是公共卫生不断增长的领域。

项目成果

Exposure to secondhand smoke outside of a bar and a restaurant and tobacco exposure biomarkers in nonsmokers.

在酒吧和餐馆外接触二手烟以及不吸烟者的烟草暴露生物标志物。

• DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1104413
• 发表时间: 2012
• 期刊: Environmental health perspectives
• 影响因子: 10.4
• 作者: StHelen,Gideon;Bernert,JThomas;Hall,DanielB;Sosnoff,ConnieS;Xia,Yang;Balmes,JohnR;Vena,JohnE;Wang,Jia-Sheng;Holland,NinaT;Naeher,LukeP
• 通讯作者: Naeher,LukeP