Disparities in Injuries and Access to Injury Prevention

伤害和伤害预防方面的差异

• 批准号: 7525309
• 负责人: JOYCE C PRESSLEY
• 金额: $ 6.48万
• 依托单位: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7525309
• 关键词: African American; Hispanic Americans; behavioral /social science research tag; biomedical facility; clinical research; community; health care cost /financing; health care service availability; health care service utilization; health disparity; health services research tag; human data; injury; injury prevention; interdisciplinary collaboration; minority health professional; minority institution research support; racial /ethnic difference; socioeconomics

Injuries, unintentional and intentional, contribute significantly to ethnic disparities in morbidity, disability and life expectancy. In Harlem childhood injuries occur at twice the national rate. Unintentional injuries are the third leading cause of death in Hispanics and the fourth in blacks--preceded only by heart disease, cancer, and cerebrovascular disease (blacks). In addition, unintentional injuries are a leading cause of years of potential life lost (YPLL) (CDC 2002). Yet the leading role of injuries, both in morbidity and mortality in the general population and as a major dimension of racial and ethnic disparities, has not received full recognition. Inadequate attention to ethnic disparities left Healthy People 2010 (DHHS 2000) with insufficient information to set targets for reduction of ethnic disparities in many injury areas. Both intentional and unintentional injuries have been shown to have a modifiable component when well-focused interventions are implemented in a minority community. Through the efforts of the Co-PI, Dr. Barbara Barlow and others, focused, community-based interventions were put into place that lowered injury rates by 40%-50%. Using funding from the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, the success of this program has been nationalized. The program now operates sites in 7 of 10 trauma regions covering the mainland United States. As Chief of Surgery at Harlem Hospital, Dr. Barlow has observed the need to expand these efforts to adults and the elderly. The focus of the Injury/Disability Prevention Core is to facilitate the study of racial and ethnic disparities in injuries and injury prevention across all age groups. Specific aims are to: (1) promote research on disparities in access to programs and capabilities to prevent injury and disability among infants, children, adolescents, and elderly to characterize health disparities in injury; (2) expand monitoring of injury surveillance and disparities in health care access to potentially disability-reducing treatments for adult and elderly populations in northern Manhattan; and (3) develop research in collaboration with northern Manhattan organizations to identify potential interventions to reduce injury disparities through primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention of falls, the most prevalent nonfatal injury.

无意和有意的伤害极大地造成了发病率、残疾和预期寿命方面的种族差异。在哈莱姆区，儿童受伤率是全国的两倍。意外伤害是西班牙裔的第三大死因，是黑人的第四大死因，仅次于心脏病、癌症和脑血管疾病（黑人）。此外，意外伤害是潜在寿命损失年数 (YPLL) 的主要原因 (CDC 2002)。 然而，伤害在普通人群发病率和死亡率方面以及作为种族和民族差异的一个主要方面所起的主导作用尚未得到充分认识。对种族差异的关注不够，导致《2010 年健康人民》(DHHS 2000) 没有足够的信息来制定减少许多伤害地区种族差异的目标。 事实证明，当在少数群体社区实施针对性强的干预措施时，有意和无意的伤害都具有可改变的成分。通过联合首席研究员 Barbara Barlow 博士和其他人的努力，实施了有针对性的、基于社区的干预措施，将伤害率降低了 40%-50%。利用罗伯特·伍德·约翰逊基金会的资助，该计划的成功已被国有化。该计划目前在美国大陆 10 个创伤地区中的 7 个地区运营站点。作为哈莱姆区的外科主任 医院的巴洛博士注意到有必要将这些努力扩大到成年人和老年人。 伤害/残疾预防核心的重点是促进对所有年龄段的伤害和伤害预防方面的种族和民族差异的研究。具体目标是：(1) 促进对婴儿、儿童、青少年和老年人在获得预防伤害和残疾的计划和能力方面的差异的研究，以表征伤害中的健康差异； (2) 扩大对曼哈顿北部成人和老年人的伤害监测和医疗保健获取可能减少残疾的治疗的差异的监测； (3) 与曼哈顿北部组织合作开展研究，以确定潜在的干预措施，通过对跌倒（最常见的非致命伤害）进行一级、二级和三级预防来减少伤害差异。