Central Exclusive Production and Forward Physics at the LHC

LHC 的中央独家生产和前沿物理

• 批准号: PP/D005930/1
• 负责人: Andrew Pilkington
• 金额: $ 26.26万
• 依托单位: University of Manchester
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Fellowship
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2006 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=PP%2FD005930%2F1
• 关键词: Central; Exclusive; Production; Forward; Physics

The aim of particle physics is to obtain a complete understanding of fundamental particles and the forces that affect them. For more than 50 years, particle physicists have been smashing particles into each other and observing the consequences. This has allowed a very successful model, known as the Standard Model, to be formulated. In 2007, the Large Hadron Collider is due to turn on. The LHC will reach the highest ever energies at a colliding experiment and will probe a mass range at which, theorists predict, the Standard Model will break down and new particles will be discovered. The LHC works by colliding protons which are essentially bags of fundamental particles known as quarks and gluons. At the collision, one constituent particle from each proton interacts and the rest of the proton breaks up in a shower of particles. Extracting the interesting physics is not easy and because of this the LHC is known as a discovery machine - as precision measurements will be extremely difficult. In my research, I focus on a scenario where the protons do not break up and all the energy from the interaction goes into producing a central object. This has the advantage that the environment is cleaner and the protons themselves can be detected. The subsequent measurement of the proton's energy and momentum allows the central object to be measured extremely accurately. This turns the LHC into a precision machine. Furthermore, in some theoretical predictions, the only way to discover some of the new physics is to use this method. In order to measure the protons, we require detectors 420m away from the interaction point. The proposal to install these detectors is a new idea and a lot of research is required to make it happen. I will continue to evaluate the physics potential of this process and produce new techniques and definitions in order to overcome some of the forseen experimental challenges of this project. For example, at the LHC there are a huge number of collisions each second and it is not possible to store them all. Consequently, we have to select events that we think are interesting - this is known as triggering. There 2 levels of triggers and information from the proton detectors would only be available at the second level; therefore the events must pass level 1. Unfortunately, at present, many of these events will not pass and a new level 1 trigger definition is required. Similarly, if the events are selected, we must have a way of identifying them at an analysis level. There will be other events that mimic the ones that we want and the current method of separating them is not sufficent. Finally, to do all of this we must have a computer simulation that adequately models what we want to see. I have produced such a model, but there is a great deal to be added to it in order to have a complete represention of the physics. In summary, there is a great expectation that new physics is accessible at the LHC. This research will extend the possibility that we will detect this physics, which is of course the primary aim of this field.

粒子物理学的目的是获得对基本颗粒和影响它们的力的完全理解。 50多年来，粒子物理学家一直在互相粉碎并观察后果。这允许制定一个非常成功的模型，称为标准模型。 2007年，大型强子对撞机将打开。 LHC将在碰撞实验中达到有史以来最高的能量，并将探测质量范围，理论家预测，标准模型将分解并发现新粒子。 LHC通过碰撞质子来起作用，质子本质上是一袋被称为夸克和胶子的基本颗粒。在碰撞时，每个质子的一个组成粒子相互作用，其余的质子在颗粒淋浴中分解。提取有趣的物理学并不容易，因此，LHC被称为发现机器 - 精确测量将非常困难。在我的研究中，我专注于质子不会分解的情况，并且相互作用中的所有能量都用于产生中心对象。这具有一个优势，即环境更清洁，可以检测到质子本身。随后测量质子的能量和动量，可以极为准确地测量中心对象。这将LHC变成了精确的机器。此外，在某些理论预测中，发现某些新物理学的唯一方法是使用此方法。为了测量质子，我们需要距离相互作用点420m的探测器。安装这些探测器的建议是一个新想法，需要进行大量研究才能实现。我将继续评估该过程的物理潜力，并产生新的技术和定义，以克服该项目的一些预见实验挑战。例如，在LHC上，每秒都有大量的碰撞，无法将其全部存储。因此，我们必须选择我们认为有趣的事件 - 这被称为触发。来自质子检测器的2个触发器和信息仅在第二级可用。因此，事件必须通过1级。不幸的是，目前，这些事件中的许多事件都不会通过，需要新的1级触发定义。同样，如果选择事件，我们必须有一种在分析级别识别它们的方法。还有其他模仿我们想要的事件，而当前将它们分开的方法还不够。最后，要完成所有这些操作，我们必须有一个计算机模拟，以充分建模我们想要看到的内容。我制作了这样的模型，但是要添加很多东西以使物理学完全代表。总而言之，人们非常期望在LHC可以访问新物理学。这项研究将扩大我们检测到该物理学的可能性，这当然是该领域的主要目的。

项目成果

Reinstating the `no-lose' theorem for NMSSM Higgs discovery at the LHC

• DOI: 10.1088/1126-6708/2008/04/090
• 发表时间: 2007-12
• 期刊: Journal of High Energy Physics
• 影响因子: 5.4
• 作者: Jeffrey R. Forshaw;J. Gunion;L. Hodgkinson;A. Papaefstathiou;A. Papaefstathiou;A. Pilkington

The FP420 R&D Project: Higgs and New Physics with Forward Protons at the LHC

• DOI: 10.1088/1748-0221/4/10/t10001
• 发表时间: 2008-06
• 期刊: Journal of Instrumentation
• 影响因子: 1.3
• 作者: M. Albrow;R. Appleby;M. Arneodo;G. Atoian;I. Azhgirey;R. Barlow;I. Bayshev;W. Beaumont;L. Bon

Searching for the triplet Higgs sector via central exclusive production at the LHC

通过大型强子对撞机的中央独家生产寻找三重态希格斯扇区

• DOI: 10.1088/1126-6708/2009/05/011
• 发表时间: 2009
• 期刊: Journal of High Energy Physics
• 影响因子: 5.4
• 作者: Chaichian M