Reducing Driving Offenses of Adolescent Drinkers

减少青少年饮酒者的驾驶违法行为

• 批准号: 7617265
• 负责人: TED D NIRENBERG
• 金额: $ 56.5万
• 依托单位: RHODE ISLAND HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-05-01 至 2012-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7617265
• 关键词: 20 year old; Adolescent; Affect; Aftercare; Age; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol consumption; Alcohols; Area; Arousal; Automobile Driving; Behavior; Behavioral; Charge; Cognition; Communities; Community Services; Coupled; Data; Distal; Drunk driving; Effectiveness of Interventions; Emotional; Emotions; Equilibrium; Event; Exposure to; Goals; Health; Hospitals; Hour; Injury; Intervention; Lead; Measures; Mediating; Mediation; Modeling; Outcome; Participant; Pathway interactions; Patient Self-Report; Population; Population Study; Probability; Professional counselor; Public Health; Randomized; Readiness; Records; Research; Rhode Island; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Self Efficacy; Services; Solid; Source; System; Target Populations; Techniques; Testing; Trauma; Variant; Vehicle crash; Young driver; Youth; adjudication; age group; alcohol behavior; alcohol consequences; base; behavior change; convict; court; drinking; drinking behavior; driving behavior; economic impact; experience; follow-up; high risk; high risk behavior; intervention effect; intervention program; member; motivational enhancement therapy; motivational intervention; neighborhood safety; offender; programs; risk perception; social; trafficking; treatment effect; underage drinker; volunteer

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Motor Vehicle Crashes (MVCs) are the most prevalent cause of fatalities among 16-20 year olds. Alcoholrelated driving convictions are a frequent precursor of MVCs, as well as alcohol use being a public health problem in their own right. Reduction in high risk driving convictions by adolescents who drink before driving would appreciably decrease the health risks for this population, as well as reduce the $40 billion negative economic impact of MVCs by young drivers. To date, interventions to reduce subsequent alcohol related convictions have had a very modest impact on driving offenders in general, and an unknown impact on adolescent drivers. The aim of the study is to test whether two variations of adapted motivational interviewing (AMI) will lower the probability of subsequent alcohol-related convictions and high risk driving convictions more than will the combination of sanctions and remedial actions otherwise mandated by the court, and to determine if one of those variations (i.e. AMI in combination with Trauma Room exposure) is most predictive of a lower probability of subsequent alcohol-related convictions and high risk driving convictions. Court mandated youth who have: 1) been convicted of an alcohol-related offense or 2) who have been convicted of a risk driving offense and who are hazardous drinkers who drink before driving are randomly assigned to one of three 16 hour program interventions, prototypic community service (PCS), enhanced Ml (EMI), and enhanced Ml plus Trauma Room exposure (EMIT), and followed for one to three years. Subsequent convictions are measured through a combination of court records and self-report. It is hypothesized that EMI will be more effective than PCS, but that EMIT will be more effective than EMI, in lowering the probability of obtaining at least one 12-month high risk driving conviction. Hypothesized mechanisms of change for the interventions will be measured and tested in a mediation analysis to identify the active ingredients of treatment, intrapersonal change, and behavior change hypothesized to differentiate EMI and EMIT from PCS and from one another. Based on our 4 year pilot program data, it is expected that positive results for EMIT would be enthusiastically embraced by state and national leaders within the judicial and traffic safety communities and would be easily disseminated to other states for implementation by other court systems.

描述（由申请人提供）：机动车碰撞 (MVC) 是 16-20 岁人群死亡的最常见原因。与酒精相关的驾驶定罪是 MVC 的常见先兆，并且饮酒本身就是一个公共卫生问题。减少开车前饮酒的青少年的高风险驾驶行为将显着降低该人群的健康风险，并减少年轻驾驶员 MVC 造成的 400 亿美元的负面经济影响。迄今为止，减少随后与酒精相关的定罪的干预措施对一般驾驶违法者的影响非常有限，对青少年司机的影响尚不清楚。该研究的目的是测试两种适应性动机访谈（AMI）的变体是否比法院其他规定的制裁和补救措施相结合更能降低随后与酒精相关的定罪和高风险驾驶定罪的可能性，以及以确定这些变化之一（即 AMI 与创伤室暴露相结合）是否最能预测随后的酒精相关定罪和高风险驾驶定罪的可能性较低。法院规定，具有以下特征的青少年：1) 被判犯有与酒精有关的罪行，或 2) 被判犯有危险驾驶罪行，并且是开车前饮酒的危险饮酒者，被随机分配到三个 16 小时计划干预措施之一（原型）社区服务 (PCS)、增强型 Ml (EMI) 和增强型 Ml 加创伤室暴露 (EMIT)，并随访一到三年。随后的定罪是通过法庭记录和自我报告相结合来衡量的。假设 EMI 将比 PCS 更有效，但在降低获得至少 12 个月高风险驾驶定罪的概率方面，EMIT 将比 EMI 更有效。假设的干预措施变化机制将在中介分析中进行测量和测试，以确定治疗的活性成分、个人内部变化和假设的行为变化，以区分 EMI 和 EMIT 与 PCS 以及彼此之间的区别。根据我们 4 年试点计划的数据，预计 EMIT 的积极成果将受到司法和交通安全界的州和国家领导人的热烈欢迎，并将很容易传播到其他州，供其他法院系统实施。