RONOCO (ROle of Nighttime chemistry in controlling the Oxidising Capacity of the AtmOsphere)

RONOCO（夜间化学在控制大气氧化能力方面的作用）

• 批准号: NE/F004664/1
• 负责人: Dwayne Heard
• 金额: $ 45.61万
• 依托单位: University of Leeds
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2008 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FF004664%2F1
• 关键词: RONOCO; ROle; Nighttime; chemistry; controlling; RONOCO; ROle; Nighttime; chemistry; controlling

There is now a significant and increasing body of evidence that night time chemistry, driven primarily by the nitrate radical NO3, plays a significant role in governing the composition of the troposphere. Recent findings show that very high concentrations of NO3 are present away from the Earth's surface. In polluted environments, the main sinks are abundant but this is also where its formation may be most rapid and hence the NO3 turnover time is very fast. The importance of this behaviour is not as yet clearly understood, yet it may have a very large impact on atmospheric chemistry and ozone formation, regional transport and transformation of oxidised nitrogen and hence acidification and eutrophication, and may also significantly add to the regional burden of ammonium nitrate particulate, which has increasing climatic importance. To understand and predict these phenomena correctly there is a need to quantify the basic chemical processes controlling NO3 and its removal from the atmosphere; the impact of NO3 chemistry on volatile organic carbon chemistry and as a pathway for radical formation and propagation; its heterogeneous chemistry and its impact on the aerosol burden and composition; its influence on ozone formation on regional and global scales and its mediation of the atmospheric lifecycle of oxidised nitrogen. A consortium project is proposed that addresses these coupled questions using a combined programme of instrument development, airborne measurement, detailed process modelling, and regional and global modelling. The principal deliverables will be: - Enhancements to the instrumental capability of the FAAM aircraft to include measurements of NO3 and N2O5. - Comprehensive measurements of night time radicals, their sources and sinks, and aerosol composition in the boundary layer and free troposphere in a range of conditions. - Quantification of the key processes which control night-time chemical processes. - Assessment of the impacts of night-time chemistry on regional scales. - An assessment of the global impacts of night-time chemistry in the current and future atmospheres.

现在有一个显着且越来越多的证据表明，夜间化学主要由硝酸盐自由基NO3驱动，在管理对流层的组成中起着重要作用。最近的发现表明，NO3的浓度很高，远离地球表面。在受污染的环境中，主要水槽很丰富，但这也是其形成可能最快的地方，因此NO3周转时间非常快。这种行为的重要性尚不清楚，但它可能对大气化学和臭氧的形成，氧化氮的区域运输和转化以及酸化和富营养化具有很大的影响，并且也可能会显着增加硝酸盐颗粒的区域负担，而硝酸盐颗粒的负担越来越高。要正确理解和预测这些现象，需要量化控制NO3及其从大气中去除的基本化学过程。 No3化学对挥发性有机碳化学的影响以及作为根本形成和传播的途径；它的异质化学及其对气溶胶负担和组成的影响；它对臭氧形成对区域和全球尺度的影响及其对氧化氮的大气生命周期的介导。提出了一个联盟项目，该项目使用仪器开发，机载测量，详细的过程建模以及区域和全球建模的组合计划来解决这些耦合问题。主要的可交付成果将是： - 增强了FAAM飞机的工具能力，包括NO3和N2O5的测量。 - 在边界层中的夜间自由基，其来源和水槽以及气溶胶组成和在一系列条件范围内的自由对流层中的全面测量。 - 量化控制夜间化学过程的关键过程。 - 评估夜间化学对区域尺度的影响。 - 评估夜间化学在当前和未来氛围中的全球影响。