Aging, Improving Prospective Memory, and a Formal Model.

衰老、改善预期记忆和正式模型。

• 批准号: 7778890
• 负责人: Rebekah Elizabeth Smith
• 金额: $ 21.06万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS SAN ANTONIO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-03-15 至 2014-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7778890
• 关键词: Achievement; Affect; Age; Aging; Appointment; Attention; Cognitive; Data; Development; Elderly; Event; Faculty; Foundations; Friends; Future; Goals; Individual; Intervention; Laboratories; Lead; Life; Maintenance; Memory; Minority-Serving Institution; Modeling; Performance; Persons; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Play; Process; Productivity; Public Health; Relative (related person); Research; Research Design; Research Personnel; Research Support; Resources; Role; Societies; Solid; Techniques; Testing; TimeLine; age difference; age related; base; career development; executive function; improved; intervention program; mathematical model; member; memory process; prevent; prospective; prospective memory; public health relevance; research study; response; theories; young adult

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Prospective memory is defined as remembering to perform an action in the future, such as remembering to give a friend a message or to make a doctor's appointment. The ability to perform prospective memory is essential for living independently as we age. For instance, a person who cannot remember to take medication or to turn off the stove will require daily assistance. Older adults often have more difficulty than younger adults with prospective memory. Understanding how the processes underlying prospective memory might differ in younger and older adults is essential for preventing decline and for creating useful techniques for compensating for those individuals who are having difficulty with this everyday memory task. The proposed research uses mathematical modeling techniques to test theoretically derived hypotheses about the relationship between age-related differences in executive control and age differences in prospective memory. A mathematical model will be used to determine how age affects the cognitive processes underlying prospective memory. The PI has validated the model and shown that the model provides a good fit to empirical data in prospective memory studies with young and older adults. Furthermore, the proposed research investigates ways to improve improve older adults' prospective memory. Ten experiments are proposed. Experiments 1-4 will examine the role of executive control in age-related differences in prospective memory. Clearly establishing the relationship between age-related differences in executive control and the processes underlying prospective memory is an essential first step. Techniques for improving prospective memory may rely on executive control and therefore may not be equally effective in young and older adults. Experiments 3-10 will evaluate different techniques for improving older adults' prospective memory. These experiments will provide a solid theoretical and empirical foundation for the extension of these compensatory techniques to non-laboratory settings in future research. The proposed research will be the first to apply formal modeling techniques to understanding how to improve older adults' prospective memory. Public Health Relevance: Prospective memory, which is defined as remembering to perform an action in the future, is fundamentally important for living independently as we age. The proposed research will investigate age-related differences in prospective memory and will develop ways to improve older adults' prospective memory. Given the increasing numbers of older adults in our society, combined with the importance of prospective memory in our daily lives, the proposed research will make an important contribution to basic public health issues.

描述（由申请人提供）：前瞻性记忆被定义为记住将来执行动作，例如记住给朋友提供消息或进行医生的约会。随着年龄的增长，执行前瞻性记忆的能力对于独立生活至关重要。例如，一个不记得服用药物或关闭炉子的人需要日常帮助。老年人通常比有前瞻性记忆的年轻人更加困难。了解年轻人和老年人的潜在记忆的基础过程可能会有所不同，这对于防止下降和创造有用的技术来补偿那些在这项日常记忆任务上遇到困难的人至关重要。拟议的研究使用数学建模技术来检验理论上得出的关于执行控制中与年龄相关的差异与前瞻性记忆年龄差异之间关系的假设。数学模型将用于确定年龄如何影响前瞻性记忆的认知过程。 PI验证了该模型，并表明该模型在与年轻人和老年人的前瞻性记忆研究中相适应了经验数据。此外，拟议的研究还研究了改善老年人前瞻性记忆的方法。提出了十个实验。实验1-4将检查执行控制在与年龄相关的前瞻性记忆差异中的作用。清楚地确定执行控制中与年龄相关的差异与前瞻性记忆基础的过程之间的关系是重要的第一步。改善前瞻性记忆的技术可能依赖执行控制，因此在年轻人和老年人中可能同样有效。实验3-10将评估改善老年人前瞻性记忆的不同技术。这些实验将为将来的研究中的这些补偿技术扩展到非实验室环境，为将这些补偿技术扩展到未来的研究。拟议的研究将是第一个应用正式建模技术来理解如何改善老年人前瞻性记忆的研究者。 公共卫生相关性：预期的记忆被定义为记住将来采取行动，对于随着年龄的增长而独立生活至关重要。拟议的研究将调查与年龄相关的预期记忆差异，并将开发改善老年人前瞻性记忆的方法。鉴于我们社会中越来越多的老年人，再加上我们日常生活中的前瞻性记忆的重要性，拟议的研究将为基本公​​共卫生问题做出重要贡献。