Development, Positive Affect, and Adolescent Depression

发展、积极情绪和青少年抑郁症

• 批准号: 7096917
• 负责人: Erika E Forbes
• 金额: $ 14.15万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-03-03 至 2011-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7096917
• 关键词: adolescence (12-20); amygdala; attitude; behavioral /social science research tag; bioimaging /biomedical imaging; brain mapping; child psychology; clinical research; developmental psychology; disease /disorder onset; emotions; frontal lobe /cortex; functional magnetic resonance imaging; human subject; major depression; motivation; neural information processing; neuroimaging; psychological tests; reinforcer

DESCRIPTION (provided by candidate): The educational aim of the proposed Mentored Research Scientist Development Award (MRSDA) is to train the candidate in adolescent developmental psychopathology and affective neuroscience relevant to understanding key aspects of adolescent depression. Decreased positive affect appears to be an important but little-studied component of adolescent depression. From an affective neuroscience perspective, it is valuable to examine positive affect through measures of reward processing. To accomplish the educational aim of the proposed MRSDA, the candidate will (1) learn from expert mentors and consultants on adolescent development, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), neuroimaging data analysis, and longitudinal data analysis; (2) complete coursework in adolescent development, affective neuroscience, statistics, and research ethics; (3) attend methodology workshops on fMRI, neuroimaging data analysis, and longitudinal data analysis; and (4) conduct a study of neural and subjective components of positive affect in adolescent depression. The proposed study has three specific aims. Aim 1 focuses on the hypothesis that adolescent depression is associated with low activation (as revealed by blood oxygen level-dependent signal intensities) in reward-related brain areas (including the ventral striatum, dorsal striatum, orbitofrontal cortex, and amygdala) in response to rewarding events. Aim 2 focuses on the hypothesis that adolescent depression is associated with low subjective experience of positive affect in natural settings, as measured by ecological momentary assessment. Aim 3 focuses on the hypothesis that brain reward activation in depressed adolescents in the fMRI study is related to the seeking and experience of positive affect in natural settings. Consistent with the priorities of the National Institute of Mental Health, the proposed MRSDA will foster a new course of study on the affective neuroscience of early-onset affective disorders by focusing on development and applying a translational approach with basic neuroscience techniques to clinical questions. Adolescent depression is a common, chronic disorder that leads to death (suicide), disability, and suffering. Advancing knowledge of the underlying emotional processes and real-life experiences in adolescent depression represents a crucial step in developing early intervention and prevention strategies. The ultimate goal is to decrease rates of a disorder that devastates the lives of so many adolescents and their families.

描述（由候选人提供）：拟议的指导研究科学家发展奖（MRSDA）的教育目的是对候选人进行青少年发展精神病理学和情感神经科学方面的培训，以了解青少年抑郁症的关键方面。积极情绪的减少似乎是青少年抑郁症的一个重要但很少研究的组成部分。从情感神经科学的角度来看，通过奖励处理措施来检查积极情感是有价值的。为了实现拟议的 MRSDA 的教育目标，候选人将 (1) 向青少年发展、功能磁共振成像 (fMRI)、神经影像数据分析和纵向数据分析方面的专家导师和顾问学习； (2) 完成青少年发展、情感神经科学、统计学和研究伦理方面的课程； (3) 参加功能磁共振成像、神经影像数据分析和纵向数据分析的方法论研讨会； (4) 对青少年抑郁症积极情绪的神经和主观成分进行研究。拟议的研究有三个具体目标。目标 1 侧重于以下假设：青少年抑郁症与奖励相关大脑区域（包括腹侧纹状体、背侧纹状体、眶额皮质和杏仁核）的低激活（如血氧水平依赖性信号强度所揭示）有关，以响应奖励活动。目标 2 的重点是这样的假设：青少年抑郁症与自然环境中积极情感的低主观体验有关（通过生态瞬时评估来衡量）。目标 3 侧重于以下假设：功能磁共振成像研究中抑郁青少年的大脑奖赏激活与在自然环境中寻求和体验积极影响有关。与国家心理健康研究所的优先事项一致，拟议的 MRSDA 将通过重点发展和将具有基本神经科学技术的转化方法应用于临床问题，促进早发情感障碍的情感神经科学的新研究课程。青少年抑郁症是一种常见的慢性疾病，会导致死亡（自杀）、残疾和痛苦。增进对青少年抑郁症潜在情绪过程和现实生活经历的了解是制定早期干预和预防策略的关键一步。最终目标是降低这种破坏许多青少年及其家庭生活的疾病的发病率。