Genetic Analysis of the Plant Defense Response

植物防御反应的遗传分析

• 批准号: 7895275
• 负责人: Frederick M Ausubel
• 金额: $ 22.87万
• 依托单位: MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-09-18 至 2010-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7895275
• 关键词: Affect; Amino Acids; Anabolism; Animals; Arabidopsis; Biological Assay; Botrytis; Caenorhabditis elegans; Cell Wall; Cells; Classification; Collaborations; Collection; Custom; Cytochromes; Data; Databases; Disease susceptibility; Drosophila genus; Ethylenes; Funding; Genes; Genetic; Genomics; Goals; Grant; Immune; Immune response; Infection; Kinetics; Laboratories; Lead; MAP Kinase Gene; Mammals; Methods; Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Molecular; Molecular Genetics; Mouse-ear Cress; Natural Immunity; Organism; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Peptides; Plant Roots; Plants; Polygalacturonase; Process; Protoplasts; Pseudomonas syringae; Publishing; Resistance; Salicylic Acids; Screening procedure; Signal Pathway; Signal Transduction; Specificity; System; Testing; Time; Tissues; Tomatoes; Virulence; Work; antimicrobial; defense response; design; genetic analysis; high throughput screening; jasmonic acid; mutant; novel; pathogen; positional cloning; research study; response; web-accessible

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Plants and animals respond to PAMPs (pathogen-associated molecular patterns) that are indicative of pathogens. Oligogalacturonides (OGs), plant cell wall fragments generated by pathogen polygalacturonases, function as a PAMP in Arabidopsis thaliana. We hypothesize that OG-activated innate immune response pathways are among the most ancient and are most similar to so-called "Toll-like" innate immune signaling pathways in animals. An important unanswered question in plant innate immunity is how PAMP-activated pathways relate to signaling pathways that respond to pathogen-specific signals. The specific aims are designed to further investigate Arabidopsis OG signaling pathway(s) and to identify Pseudomonas syringae Type III effectors that disrupt these pathways. We also hypothesize those Og-activated genes that encode cytochrome P450s function in the biosynthesis of antimicrobial compounds. We have found that some P. syringae strains elicit the exudation of antimicrobial secondary products from Arabidopsis roots, but that P. syringae strain DC3000 blocks this exudation in a process that involves Type III secretion. This is a novel system to study how PAMP-elicited innate immune responses confer basal resistance and how pathogens overcome this resistance. There are five aims. We propose to use a variety of molecular genetic and genomic methods to determine how the OG signaling pathway intersects with other defense response signaling pathways. We will use forward genetic and genomic analyses to identify components of OG signaling pathway(s). We will identify P. syringae type III effectors that block OG-activated signaling pathways and/or the synthesis/exudation of antimicrobial compounds by roots. We will identify signaling pathways that lead to the biosynthesis of antimicrobial compounds. Finally, we will enter the data from this project into IMDS, a public, web-accessible relational database.

描述（由申请人提供）：植物和动物对表现为病原体的小型（与病原体相关的分子模式）反应。寡乳醛酸（OGS），由病原体多边形酶产生的植物细胞壁碎片，在拟南芥中起幼虫的作用。我们假设OG激活的先天免疫反应途径是最古老的，并且与动物中所谓的“ Toll-toll”先天免疫信号通路最相似。植物先天免疫中的一个重要的未解决的问题是，pAMP激活的途径与对病原体特异性信号响应的信号通路有何关系。该特定目的旨在进一步研究拟南芥信号通路（S），并确定破坏这些途径的第三型假单胞菌III型效应子。我们还假设那些编码细胞色素P450在抗菌化合物的生物合成中功能的OG激活基因。我们发现，一些丁香假单胞菌菌株引起了拟南芥根的抗菌二级产物的渗出，但是在涉及III型分泌的过程中，丁香假单胞菌DC3000 dc3000阻止了这种渗出。这是一个新的系统，用于研究弹药的先天免疫反应如何赋予基础抗性以及病原体如何克服这种抗药性。有五个目标。我们建议使用多种分子遗传和基因组方法来确定OG信号通路如何与其他防御响应信号通路相交。我们将使用正向遗传和基因组分析来识别OG信号通路的组成部分。我们将确定丁香假单胞菌III型效应子，该效应子阻止OG激活的信号通路和/或通过根对抗菌化合物的合成/渗出。我们将确定导致抗菌化合物的生物合成的信号通路。最后，我们将将该项目的数据输入IMD，这是一个可公开的，可访问的关系数据库。