Enhanced Self-Appraisal After Cancer: A Bias in Survivors' Self-Report?

癌症后自我评价增强：幸存者自我报告存在偏见？

• 批准号: 7877031
• 负责人: Christopher John Recklitis
• 金额: $ 8.52万
• 依托单位: DANA-FARBER CANCER INST
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-07-01 至 2011-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7877031
• 关键词: Abbreviations; Accounting; Address; Adherence; Affect; Age; Area; Behavior; Behavioral; Cancer Control; Cancer Survivor; Cancer Survivorship; Caring; Characteristics; Complex; Development; Diagnosis; Diagnostic; Diagnostic Neoplasm Staging; Disease; Distress; Emotional; Equilibrium; Equipment and supply inventories; Event; Exercise; Feeling; Gender; Growth; Health; Health behavior; Heterogeneity; Hodgkin Disease; Illusions; Late Effects; Link; Longitudinal Studies; Mails; Malignant Neoplasms; Measures; Medical; Mental Health; Modeling; Outcome; Outcome Measure; Outcomes Research; Patient Self-Report; Patients; Perception; Personal Satisfaction; Personality; Personality Traits; Pilot Projects; Play; Population; Post-Traumatic Stress Disorders; Posttraumatic growth; Process; Psychological adjustment; Quality of life; Recruitment Activity; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Respondent; Role; Self Perception; Severities; Siblings; Social Psychology; Stress; Surveys; Survivors; Symptoms; Testing; Thinking; Time; Treatment Factor; Validity of Self Report; Work; base; cancer diagnosis; cohort; coping; experience; follow-up; impression; improved; optimism; psychologic; psychological distress; psychosocial; public health relevance; resilience; response; risk perception; satisfaction; sun protection; theories

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Project Summary Many survivors describe cancer as a watershed event in their personal development, a demanding and difficult challenge that nonetheless may result in some positive changes in themselves and their relationships. 1-4 Research into posttraumatic growth (PTG) 3, 5 and the closely related area of benefit finding 6-8 is beginning to address this aspect of the survivor experience. Unlike studies of behavioral or mental health outcomes, where existing measures may be adequately developed and validated, this research requires conceptualizing broad personality constructs and developing new measures for them.9, 10. This is particularly challenging since the personality traits that are the focus of research (e.g. coping, optimism) may themselves alter the ways survivors respond to conventional psychological measures. The cancer experience and efforts to cope with its physical and emotional effects are now understood to alter survivors' perceptions of themselves and their subsequent health conditions.6-8, 11-18 To the extent that survivors evaluate themselves differently following their cancer, interpretation of their self-reported health ratings is made complex. To what extent are survivors' reports of growth affected by changes in self-appraisal? While reports of positive changes after cancer have been interpreted as evidence of growth, 3, 4, and 19 some studies conclude that self-reported growth is driven by changes in survivors' self-appraisals rather than actual changes in behavior or internal states. 8, 20-22 Building on research in personality and social psychology this study employs the construct of self-enhancement bias (SEB), defined as a characteristic tendency "to give self-reports that are honest but positively biased,"23 to investigate how changes in self-appraisal may contribute to self-reported growth after cancer. Evidence of SEB in cancer survivors comes from studies showing survivors are more likely to have a repressive coping style24-28 than non-cancer controls, 26 28-34 and that repressors report fewer symptoms of distress and posttraumatic stress.31, 35 Using a recently validated measure, the Balanced Inventory of Desirable Responding,36 the study investigates SEB in a group of long-term Hodgkin's disease (HD) survivors and sibling controls., 200 survivors and 200 controls from an existing research cohort will be recruited for a cross-sectional mailed survey. Self-report of posttraumatic stress (Posttraumatic Diagnostic Scale)37 and PTG (Post Traumatic Growth Inventory),38 will be used to measure these positive and negative aspects of survivors' psychological adjustment, and follow-up on reports that each is linked to response bias.20, 35 Study aims will be to: 1) Examine the relationship of SEB to self-reported PTG and posttraumatic stress; 2) Compare the level of SEB in long-term HD survivors to sibling controls; and 3) Explore the association of PTG and SEB with treatment factors and health behaviors. The study has important implications for understanding how adaptation to illness affects self-perception, and how these changes may affect survivors' experience of growth, as well as their health behaviors and adherence to follow-up care. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Project Narrative With the population of cancer survivors in the US growing to more than 12 million, it is critical that valid measures of their emotional health and long-term outcomes be developed. This study investigates the ways in which illness alters survivors' appraisals of health and well-being, and the extent to which these changes in health appraisal can affect the validity of self-reported growth and well-being after cancer. Study results have important implications for improving health outcome measures, as well as for understanding how adaptation to illness affects self- perception and self-presentation.

描述（由申请人提供）：项目摘要许多幸存者将癌症描述为个人发展中的分水岭事件，这是一个艰巨而困难的挑战，尽管如此，这可能会导致自己及其关系的一些积极变化。 1-4对创伤后增长（PTG）3、5和与收益密切相关的领域的研究6-8开始解决幸存者体验的这一方面。与对行为或心理健康结果的研究不同，现有措施可能得到充分发展和验证，这项研究需要概念化广泛的人格结构并为他们制定新的措施。9，10。这尤其具有挑战性。因为这是研究重点的人格特征（例如Coping，乐观，乐观，乐观，乐观，乐观）可能会改变幸存者对常规心理学的反应方式。现在认为，应对其身体和情感影响的癌症经验和应对其身体和情感影响的努力改变了幸存者对自己及其随后的健康状况的看法。6-8，11-18在癌症后幸存者评估自己的自我评估，对自我报告的健康评级的解释变得复杂。幸存者对自我宣传变化影响的增长报告在多大程度上？尽管癌症后积极变化的报告被解释为增长的证据，但第3、4和19个研究得出结论，自我报告的生长是由幸存者自我宣传的变化而不是行为或内部状态的实际变化所驱动的。 8，20-22基于人格和社会心理学的研究，本研究采用了自我增强偏见（SEB）的构建，定义为一种特征性的趋势，“赋予诚实但积极偏见的自我报告” 23来研究自我承认的变化如何在癌后自我报告的成长有助于自我报告。 Evidence of SEB in cancer survivors comes from studies showing survivors are more likely to have a repressive coping style24-28 than non-cancer controls, 26 28-34 and that repressors report fewer symptoms of distress and posttraumatic stress.31, 35 Using a recently validated measure, the Balanced Inventory of Desirable Responding,36 the study investigates SEB in a group of long-term Hodgkin's disease (HD) survivors and sibling将招募控制来自现有研究队列的200名幸存者和200个控件进行横断面邮寄调查。 Self-report of posttraumatic stress (Posttraumatic Diagnostic Sc​​ale)37 and PTG (Post Traumatic Growth Inventory),38 will be used to measure these positive and negative aspects of survivors' psychological adjustment, and follow-up on reports that each is linked to response bias.20, 35 Study aims will be to: 1) Examine the relationship of SEB to self-reported PTG and posttraumatic stress; 2）将长期HD幸存者中的SEB水平与兄弟姐妹控制相提并论； 3）探索PTG和SEB与治疗因素和健康行为的关联。这项研究对了解适应疾病的适应能够影响自我感知，以及这些变化如何影响幸存者的成长经历，以及他们的健康行为和对后续护理的遵守。 公共卫生相关性：与美国癌症幸存者人数增长到超过1200万的项目叙述，至关重要的是，必须制​​定有效的情绪健康和长期结局的有效措施。这项研究调查了疾病改变幸存者对健康和福祉的评估的方式，以及这些对健康评估的变化的程度会影响癌症后自我报告的生长和福祉的有效性。研究结果对改善健康结果指标以及了解适应疾病的影响对自我感知和自我表现有重要意义。