Molecular genetics of hybrid incompatibilities in Drosophila

果蝇杂交不相容性的分子遗传学

基本信息

批准号：
7268295
负责人：
DAVEN C PRESGRAVES
金额：
$ 26.33万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF ROCHESTER
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2007
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2007-03-01 至 2012-02-29
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The purpose of this work is to determine the molecular genetic changes that occur when one species splits into two species. Our long-term goals are to find genes that cause inviability in species hybrids, to determine their functions, and to infer their evolutionary histories. We use genetic tools from the model organism, Drosophila melanogaster, to perform mapping experiments in hybrids with the closely related species, D. simulans. In particular, the large collections of lethal chromosomal deletions and loss-of-function mutations from D. melanogaster are used to map hybrid inviability genes by complementation in F1 hybrid males. In previous work, 20 small regions of the D. simulans autosomal genome were identified that cause hybrid inviability via incompatible interactions with the genes on the D. melanogaster X chromosome. Here we propose to use new deletion-generating technology in D. melanogaster to make targeted, overlapping deletions in these regions that will allow us to narrow the cause hybrid inviability to single genes. We will use transgene experiments to confirm the identity of autosomal hybrid inviability genes and to identify their incompatible X-linked interactors. Once hybrid inviability genes are identified, we will study DNA sequence evolution to make inferences about the population genetic forces that drove their functional differentiation between species. This work will contribute to our understanding of how new animal species, including humans, evolve as a by-product of genetic divergence. Since we are concentrating on hybrid inviability, some of our work will involve characterizing previously unstudied viability-essential genes and gene interactions that have functions required in all eukaryotes, including humans.

描述（由申请人提供）：这项工作的目的是确定当一个物种分裂成两个物种时发生的分子遗传变化。我们的长期目标是找到导致物种杂交无法生存的基因，确定它们的功能，并推断它们的进化历史。我们使用模式生物黑腹果蝇的遗传工具，在与密切相关的物种模拟果蝇的杂交中进行绘图实验。特别是，来自黑腹果蝇的大量致命染色体缺失和功能丧失突变被用于通过 F1 杂交雄性中的互补来绘制杂交不存活基因图谱。在之前的工作中，鉴定了拟果蝇常染色体基因组的 20 个小区域，这些区域通过与黑腹果蝇 X 染色体上的基因不相容的相互作用而导致杂种无法存活。在这里，我们建议在黑腹果蝇中使用新的缺失生成技术，在这些区域进行有针对性的、重叠的缺失，这将使我们能够将杂交不存活的原因缩小到单个基因。我们将使用转基因实验来确认常染色体杂种不存活基因的身份并鉴定其不相容的 X 连锁相互作用子。一旦确定了杂交不存活基因，我们将研究 DNA 序列进化，以推断推动物种间功能分化的群体遗传力量。这项工作将有助于我们了解包括人类在内的新动物物种如何作为遗传分化的副产品而进化。由于我们专注于杂交的不生存性，因此我们的一些工作将涉及表征以前未研究的生存必需基因和基因相互作用，这些基因和基因相互作用具有所有真核生物（包括人类）所需的功能。