Resource Flows Among Three Generations in Guatemala

危地马拉三代人之间的资源流动

• 批准号: 7236240
• 负责人: JOHN HODDINOTT
• 金额: $ 39.17万
• 依托单位: INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INST
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-09-01 至 2009-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7236240
• 关键词: Address; Adherence; Adopted; Adult; Affect; Age; Age-Years; Aging; Altruism; Anthropology; Attention; Attitude; Build-it; Capital; Caring; Central America; Child; Child Care; Cognitive; Collaborations; Communities; Complex; Condition; Consumption; Data; Data Collection; Daughter; Demography; Developed Countries; Developing Countries; Development; Diet; Dimensions; Discipline; Economic Development; Economics; Elderly; Epidemiology; Face; Family; Female; Fertility Rates; Follow-Up Studies; Food; Gender; Generations; Growth; Guatemala; Health; Health Status; Health education; Healthcare; Home environment; Housing for the Elderly; Incentives; Income; Individual; Inequality; Institutes; Institution; Insurance; Intensive Care; Interdisciplinary Study; International; Interview; Investments; Labor Forces; Latin America; Laws; Life Expectancy; Link; Living Standards; Longitudinal Studies; Marketing; Marriage; Mental Health; Morbidity - disease rate; Nature; Outcome; Panama; Parents; Pensions; Personal Satisfaction; Persons; Policies; Policy Analysis; Policy Research; Population; Preventive; Privacy; Productivity; Program Development; Psychology; Public Health Schools; Public Policy; Rate; Recording of previous events; Relative (related person); Research; Research Institute; Research Personnel; Resource Allocation; Resources; Risk; Role playing therapy; School Enrollments; Schools; Secondary Schools; Services; Shock; Siblings; Sister; Son; Source; Spouses; Surveys; Television; Time; To specify; United Nations; United States National Institutes of Health; Universities; Wages; Weights and Measures; Woman; Work; World Bank; aged; blind; boys; conditioning; experience; falls; field study; girls; health economics; human capital; improved; intergenerational; international center; life history; male; member; men; middle age; migration; multidisciplinary; nutrition; preference; residence; risk sharing; safety net; satisfaction; school health; skills; social; trend

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Rising proportions of elderly persons in developing countries are coinciding with slow progress in addressing poor levels of nutrition, schooling and health amongst young people. In both public and private domains, critical investments in children increasingly compete with the need to support elderly parents. Within this context, the objective of this study is to advance understanding of the role played by public policy, private resources, preferences, exogenous shocks and markets - and the interactions amongst these factors - in the allocation of resources across three generations in Guatemala. The setting is four villages in the Orient (Eastern) region and the localities to where people from these communities migrated. A unique feature of our interdisciplinary study - our research team draws anthropology, demography, economics, epidemiology, nutrition, and psychology - is that it builds upon more than 30 years of data collection and interaction with these communities. Together with survey work undertaken as part of this study, we will have data on the allocation of resources across three generations: elderly parents, their children who are now themselves middle-aged parents and their grandchildren. Ours will be the first study to link prospectively collected data on investments in children's human capital with subsequent transfers and investments between these individuals and both their aging parents and with their own offspring. Middle-aged parents face a trade-off in the allocation of time to work, to elder and child care, and to leisure and in the allocation of income to their own consumption, to meeting the consumption needs of their elderly parents, and investments in the human capital of their children. Accordingly, analysis focuses on how this allocation problem is conditioned by factors such as: altruism; resources available to elderly parents and their middle-aged children; access to markets for capital and for services; shocks - including health shocks - experienced by all three generations; attitudes towards inequality in outcomes amongst children and the extent of their replication across generations. We adopt a broad view of these allocations, considering transfers of money, goods, care and attention and co-residence. We consider how these interactions are gender-differentiated and how siblings resolve the collective action problem associated with caring for elderly parents. We also analyze the consequences of these interactions for the well-being of the elderly and the young. Well-being is broadly defined to include for the elderly: physical and mental health, access to preventive/curative health care as well satisfaction with health status, social resources, and economic resources. For the young, we consider health status, nutrition, schooling progress and cognitive development.

描述（由申请人提供）：发展中国家老年人口比例不断上升，而解决年轻人营养、教育和健康水平较差的问题却进展缓慢。在公共和私人领域，对儿童的关键投资日益与赡养年迈父母的需求相竞争。在此背景下，本研究的目的是加深对公共政策、私人资源、偏好、外生冲击和市场的作用以及这些因素之间的相互作用在危地马拉三代人的资源配置中所发挥的作用的理解。背景是东方地区的四个村庄以及这些社区的人们迁移的地方。我们的跨学科研究（我们的研究团队吸收了人类学、人口学、经济学、流行病学、营养学和心理学）的一个独特之处在于，它建立在 30 多年的数据收集和与这些社区的互动基础上。结合本研究的一部分进行的调查工作，我们将获得三代人之间资源分配的数据：年迈的父母、他们现在已是中年父母的孩子以及他们的孙辈。我们的研究将是第一项将前瞻性收集的儿童人力资本投资数据与这些人与其年迈父母以及他们自己的后代之间的后续转移和投资联系起来的研究。 中年父母面临着工作时间、养老时间、休闲时间的分配，以及收入分配到自己的消费、满足年迈父母的消费需求和投资等方面的权衡。孩子的人力资本。因此，分析的重点是这种分配问题如何受到以下因素的影响：利他主义；年迈父母及其中年子女可获得的资源；资本和服务市场准入；所有三代人都经历过冲击，包括健康冲击；对儿童结局不平等的态度及其代代相传的程度。我们对这些分配采取广泛的看法，考虑金钱、货物、照顾和关注以及共同居住的转移。我们考虑这些互动如何具有性别差异，以及兄弟姐妹如何解决与照顾年迈父母相关的集体行动问题。我们还分析了这些相互作用对老年人和年轻人的福祉的影响。幸福感的广义定义包括老年人的身心健康、获得预防/治疗性医疗保健以及对健康状况、社会资源和经济资源的满意度。对于年轻人，我们会考虑健康状况、营养、学业进步和认知发展。