Particulate Matter Exposure and Childhood Asthma Prevalence

颗粒物暴露与儿童哮喘患病率

• 批准号: 7674180
• 负责人: Sharon R. Rosenberg
• 金额: $ 6.39万
• 依托单位: NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-07-01 至 2010-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7674180
• 关键词: Accident and Emergency department; Accounting; Affect; Age; Air; Air Pollution; Airborne Particulate Matter; Ancillary Study; Area; Asthma; Atherosclerosis; Cardiac; Cardiovascular Diseases; Catchment Area; Chicago; Child; Childhood Asthma; Chronic Disease; Cities; Cross-Sectional Studies; Data; Data Linkages; Disease; Economic Burden; Education; Ethnic Origin; Exposure to; Gases; Geographic Locations; Goals; Health; Health Care Costs; Home environment; Household; Income; Individual; Investigation; Liquid substance; Measures; Modeling; Monitor; Neighborhoods; Particulate Matter; Prevalence; Preventive; Public Health; Race; Respiratory physiology; Sampling; School-Age Population; Schools; Socioeconomic Status; Solid; Source; United States; Visit; career development; cost; epidemiologic data; experience; health equity; interest; member; particle; public health relevance; respiratory; sex; trafficking

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Childhood asthma is a significant public health problem accounting for the majority of school absences and significant direct and indirect health costs. There is a clear association between exposure to air pollution and cardiac and respiratory health. Increases in airborne particulate matter (tiny particles of solid or liquid suspended in a gas) levels are associated with asthma exacerbations. It is unknown, however, whether childhood asthma prevalence is attributable to air pollution. We hypothesize that particulate matter exposure accounts for differences in childhood asthma prevalence in Chicago neighborhoods. A cross- sectional survey administered by the Chicago Initiative to Raise Asthma Health Equity (CHIRAH) among school-aged children determined neighborhood asthma prevalence rates. Our preliminary data indicate that race and socioeconomic status do not fully explain differences between neighborhood childhood asthma prevalence rates. The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) Air Ancillary Study examines individual-level assessment of long-term ambient air pollution exposures to progression of subclinical cardiovascular disease in Chicago and other US cities. MESA Air has greater than 50 monitors overlapping with the CHIRAH geographic region of interest and multiple sources of traffic data. Linkage of data from these studies allow for estimation of particulate matter and traffic exposure at the homes and schools of nearly 50,000 children. We aim to determine if particulate matter levels at individual children's home and schools in Chicago are associated with asthma prevalence. We will examine if traffic-related exposures as indicated by children's residential and school proximity to major roadways are associated with asthma prevalence. We will estimate particulate matter concentrations and traffic exposure controlling for personal and neighborhood confounders (age, BMI, sex, race/ethnicity, education, household members with asthma, and neighborhood income). This line of investigation will enhance my career development by allowing me to gain experience using primary epidemiologic data and expand my understanding of how air pollution affects respiratory health. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The rise in asthma prevalence and its economic burden present a significant public health concern. A better understanding of the relationship between exposure to particulate matter and childhood asthma will directly inform preventive measures that may impact this disease.

描述（由申请人提供）：儿童哮喘是大多数学校缺勤以及显着直接和间接健康费用的重大公共卫生问题。暴露于空气污染与心脏和呼吸健康之间存在明显的关联。空气颗粒物物质（悬浮在气体中的固体或液体的微小颗粒）水平的增加与哮喘恶化有关。但是，尚不清楚童年哮喘患病率是否归因于空气污染。我们假设颗粒物暴露在芝加哥社区儿童哮喘患病率的差异。芝加哥倡议进行的一项横断面调查，旨在在学龄儿童确定的社区哮喘患病率中提高哮喘健康公平（CHIRAH）。我们的初步数据表明，种族和社会经济地位不能完全解释邻里儿童期哮喘患病率之间的差异。动脉粥样硬化（MESA）空气辅助研究的多民族研究研究了长期环境空气污染暴露于芝加哥和其他美国城市中亚临床心血管疾病进展的个人水平评估。 Mesa Air与Chirah地理区域相关的50多个监视器和多个流量数据来源。这些研究的数据链接允许估计近50,000名儿童的家庭和学校的颗粒物和交通曝光。我们旨在确定个别儿童家庭和芝加哥学校的颗粒物水平是否与哮喘患病率有关。我们将检查儿童住宅和学校靠近主要道路的疾病是否与哮喘患病率有关。我们将估算个人和邻里混杂因素（年龄，BMI，性别，种族/种族，教育，哮喘和邻里收入的家庭成员）的颗粒物浓度和交通暴露。这种调查将通过允许我使用主要流行病学数据获得经验并扩展我对空气污染如何影响呼吸健康的理解来增强我的职业发展。公共卫生相关性：哮喘患病率及其经济负担的上升引起了一个重大的公共卫生问题。更好地了解暴露于颗粒物和儿童哮喘之间的关系将直接为可能影响该疾病的预防措施提供信息。