Modulation of Thalamic Relay

丘脑继电器的调节

• 批准号: 7495514
• 负责人: JAMES W GNADT
• 金额: $ 38.86万
• 依托单位: GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-09-30 至 2010-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7495514
• 关键词: Acetylcholine; Animals; Arousal; Behavior; Behavioral; Biology; Brain; Brain Part; Brain Stem; Cell Nucleus; Cells; Cerebral cortex; Cholinergic Agents; Classification; Complex; Condition; Contrast Sensitivity; Data; Depth; Disease; Electroencephalography; Environment; Fire - disasters; Goals; Health; Human; Individual; Injury; Lateral Geniculate Body; Life; Macaca; Measurable; Minor; Monkeys; Nature; Neurons; Neurotransmitters; Pattern; Perception; Perceptual disturbance; Performance; Play; Preparation; Psychometrics; Psychophysiology; Recommendation; Research; Role; Sensory; Signal Transduction; Sleep; Slow-Wave Sleep; Source; Structure; System; Testing; Thalamic structure; Visual; Visual system structure; Wakefulness; Work; awake; base; cholinergic; insight; interest; neuromechanism; relating to nervous system; response

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): By studying the brain in live and behaving subjects, we obtain fundamental insight into the neural basis of natural behaviors. Such basic biology research is essential as the fundamental underpinning for understanding brain function when compromised by disease or injury. In this proposal we will investigate the brain mechanisms for modulating the flow of sensory information to the cerebral cortex, where perception occurs. With only minor exceptions, all sensory signals are relayed to cortex through a brain structure called the thalamus. Other parts of the brain modulate thalamic throughput by specific kinds of projections or neurotransmitters. Depending on the "tone" of these various inputs, the thalamus switches between two different modes of relay. One mode relays sensory information very faithfully; whereas, the other distorts or disconnects the relayed information. The faithful "tonic mode" predominates during wakefulness and the other "burst mode" predominates during deep sleep. The nature of the transition between these two modes in the living animal is currently not well understood, and will be investigated here. A major source of influence for this state-related tone comes from a brainstem structure called the parabrachial region (PER) that uses the special neurotransmitter acetylcholine. In order to understand this "gate keeper" action better, we intend to manipulate the activity in the PBR experimentally while observing the effect in the visual relay nucleus of the thalamus, the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN). Essentially, we will use the visual system to understand how the PBR "arouses" the thalamus. The health relatedness of this research is that study of how the normal, healthy brain works is how we come to understand the human condition in health and in illness.

描述（由申请人提供）：通过研究现场和行为主题中的大脑，我们获得了对自然行为神经基础的基本见解。这种基本的生物学研究至关重要，因为当疾病或损伤损害时，理解大脑功能的基本基础。在此提案中，我们将研究调节感知信息流向大脑皮质的流动的大脑机制。除了较小的例外，所有感觉信号都通过称为丘脑的大脑结构传递到皮层。大脑的其他部分通过特定类型的投影或神经递质调节丘脑吞吐量。根据这些输入的“音调”，丘脑在继电器的两种不同模式之间切换。一种模式非常忠实地传达感官信息；而另一个则扭曲或断开传递信息。忠实的“补品模式”在清醒和其他“爆发模式”期间占主导地位，在深度睡眠期间占主导地位。目前，活跃动物中这两种模式之间的过渡性质尚不广泛理解，并且将在此处进行调查。这种与状态相关的基调的主要影响力来自使用特殊神经递质乙酰胆碱的脑干结构，称为副型区域（PER）。为了更好地理解这种“门将”的作用，我们打算通过实验操纵PBR的活性，同时观察丘脑视觉中继核的效果，即侧向遗传核（LGN）。本质上，我们将使用视觉系统来了解PBR如何“唤醒”丘脑。这项研究的健康相关性是，研究正常，健康的大脑工作方式是我们如何理解健康和疾病中人类状况的方式。