Social Modulation of Neurogenesis

神经发生的社会调节

• 批准号: 7541425
• 负责人: LYNN M ALMLI
• 金额: $ 3.46万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT AUSTIN
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-09-01 至 2009-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7541425
• 关键词: Acoustics; Address; Adult; Affect; Androgens; Apoptotic; Area; Auditory; Biological Models; Biotin; Birth; Brain; Brain Injuries; Brain region; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Bromodeoxyuridine; Cell Count; Cell Death; Cell Proliferation; Cells; Cessation of life; Condition; Cues; DNA Nucleotidylexotransferase; Data; Disease; Endocrine; Endocrine system; Environmental Risk Factor; Etiology; Exogenous Factors; Gonadal Steroid Hormones; Growth Factor; Health; Hearing; Homologous Gene; Hormonal Change; Hormones; Human; Immunofluorescence Immunologic; Immunohistochemistry; Implant; In Situ Hybridization; In Situ Nick-End Labeling; Indium; Inferior Colliculus; Injury; Label; Lesion; Light; Mediating; Methodology; Modeling; Molecular Biology Techniques; Natural regeneration; Nervous System Physiology; Nervous system structure; Neuroglia; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurons; Numbers; Play; Preoptic Areas; Process; Proliferating; Rana; Range; Rate; Recovery; Regulation; Role; Sex Behavior; Signal Transduction; Social Interaction; Stimulus; System; Testing; Testosterone; Up-Regulation; Ursidae Family; behavior change; brain behavior; experience; human disease; male; neurogenesis; progenitor; research study; response; social

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Environmental factors are known to have far-reaching effects on nervous system functioning and play a crucial role in the etiology of many human disease processes. This project investigates whether social stimulation can influence neuroplasticity in the adult brain through the proliferation, survival, and regeneration of new cells (neurons or glial cells). The methodology will include the use of acoustic stimulus presentations, endocrinological manipulations, lesioning studies, and molecular biology techniques (e.g., immunohistochemistry, and in situ hybridization) to test hypotheses concerning the modulation of neuroplasticity by social stimulation. Specific Aim 1 investigates whether social experience modulates cell numbers in the brain via changing cell proliferation or survival, and examines the role of brain-derived neurotrophic factor in such modulation. Specific Aim 2 tests the hypothesis that alterations in sex steroid levels, particularly androgens, in response to social cues are a mediating factor inducing changes in cell proliferation and/or survival. Specific Aim 3 bears the most direct relevance to human health and examines the hypothesis that social modulation facilitates neuronal regeneration after brain injury. This project will increase our understanding of how social interactions, with or without concomitant hormonal changes, affect cell proliferation and survival in brain regions mediating sexual behavior and endocrine regulation. In addition, these studies will also shed light on factors mediating neuronal regeneration following brain injury. Understanding the factors modulating neurogenesis and neuronal regeneration in the adult nervous system has implications for the potential recovery from human brain injury and disease and the neuroprotective effects of social stimulation.

描述（由申请人提供）：已知环境因素对神经系统功能具有深远影响，并在许多人类疾病过程的病因学中发挥着至关重要的作用。该项目研究社交刺激是否可以通过新细胞（神经元或神经胶质细胞）的增殖、存活和再生来影响成人大脑的神经可塑性。该方法将包括使用声刺激呈现、内分泌操作、病变研究和分子生物学技术（例如免疫组织化学和原位杂交）来测试有关社会刺激调节神经可塑性的假设。具体目标 1 研究社会经验是否通过改变细胞增殖或存活来调节大脑中的细胞数量，并检查脑源性神经营养因子在这种调节中的作用。具体目标 2 检验了以下假设：性类固醇水平（尤其是雄激素）响应社会线索而发生的变化是诱导细胞增殖和/或存活变化的中介因素。具体目标 3 与人类健康最直接相关，并检验了社会调节促进脑损伤后神经元再生的假设。该项目将加深我们对社交互动（无论是否伴随荷尔蒙变化）如何影响介导性行为和内分泌调节的大脑区域的细胞增殖和存活的理解。此外，这些研究还将揭示脑损伤后介导神经元再生的因素。了解成人神经系统中神经发生和神经元再生的调节因素对于人类大脑损伤和疾病的潜在恢复以及社会刺激的神经保护作用具有重要意义。