Youthful Relationships and Sexual Risk-Taking

年轻的关系和性冒险

• 批准号: 6893458
• 负责人: PEGGY C GIORDANO
• 金额: $ 36.77万
• 依托单位: BOWLING GREEN STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-09-01 至 2008-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6893458
• 关键词: HIV infections; adolescence (12-20); clinical research; communicable disease transmission; disease /disorder proneness /risk; heterosexuals; high risk behavior /lifestyle; human subject; interpersonal relations; sex behavior; young adult human (21-34)

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Since 1990, the number of documented AIDS cases among U.S. adolescents has more than tripled; moreover, one-quarter of the new HIV infections in the U.S. are estimated to occur among youth between the ages of 13 and 20 (Office of National AIDS Policy 1996). Behaviors that put individuals at risk for exposure to sexually transmitted HIV, i.e., inconsistent condom use, multiple and concurrent sexual partners, necessarily occur within a relationship context. Yet, we know more about individual, family, peer and even neighborhood effects on adolescent and young adult risky sexual activities than about the influence of relationship qualities and experiences on sexual risk-taking and the management of HIV risk. Our proposed research builds on an in-depth study of adolescent heterosexual relationships, the Toledo Adolescent Relationships Study (TARS). We emphasize the potentially important role of communication awkwardness, heightened emotionality, various types of asymmetries as well as the critical but subjective element of "trust." A core theme is that experiences associated with gender, social class position, and minority status influence the course/contours of heterosexual dating and romantic relationships. Many of the relationship qualities we hypothesize may be linked with sexual risk-taking are not available in other well known longitudinal and panel data sets. We propose to follow-up these youths (n =1,316) as they experience a broader repertoire of relationship experiences, navigate key life transitions, and enter an age range that typically involves greater potential exposure to sexually transmitted HIV risk. We propose to conduct two additional waves of interviews with the TARS respondents, whose ages at the time of the proposed study would range from 17 to 23. We have two aims. First, identify the features of relationships that may influence variations in (a) management of sexual risk deriving from the partner's experiences/behaviors and (b) one's own involvement in risky sexual behavior. Second, examine distinct individual trajectories of involvement in high-risk sexual behaviors. We will focus attention on stability and changes from a particular pattern--both escalation and de-escalation are critical to consider. The findings from this project will lead to potential areas of social malleability in relationship choices and behaviors that can be incorporated into the design of more effective HIV prevention/intervention efforts.

描述（由申请人提供）：自 1990 年以来，美国青少年中记录的艾滋病病例数量增加了两倍多；此外，据估计，美国四分之一的新艾滋病毒感染者发生在 13 岁至 20 岁之间的青少年中（国家艾滋病政策办公室 1996 年）。使个人面临暴露于性传播艾滋病毒风险的行为，即不一致的安全套使用、多个和同时发生的性伴侣，必然发生在关系环境中。然而，我们更多地了解个人、家庭、同伴甚至邻里对青少年和年轻人危险性活动的影响，而不是关系质量和经历对性冒险和艾滋病毒风险管理的影响。我们提出的研究建立在对青少年异性关系的深入研究——托莱多青少年关系研究（TARS）的基础上。我们强调沟通尴尬、情绪高涨、各种类型的不对称以及“信任”这一关键但主观的因素的潜在重要作用。一个核心主题是，与性别、社会阶层地位和少数群体地位相关的经历会影响异性恋约会和浪漫关系的进程/轮廓。我们假设的许多关系质量可能与性冒险有关，但在其他众所周知的纵向和面板数据集中是不存在的。 我们建议对这些青少年（n = 1,316）进行跟踪，因为他们经历了更广泛的关系经历，经历了关键的人生转变，并进入了通常更容易接触到性传播艾滋病毒风险的年龄范围。我们建议对 TARS 受访者进行另外两轮访谈，他们在拟议研究时的年龄范围为 17 岁至 23 岁。我们有两个目标。首先，确定可能影响（a）源自伴侣的经历/行为的性风险管理和（b）自己参与危险性行为的变化的关系特征。其次，检查参与高风险性行为的不同个人轨迹。我们将聚焦稳中求变 特定模式——升级和降级都是需要考虑的关键。该项目的研究结果将导致关系选择和行为中社会可塑性的潜在领域，这些领域可以纳入更有效的艾滋病毒预防/干预工作的设计中。