Development of Intermodal Perception of Social Events: Infancy to Childhood

社会事件多式联运感知的发展：婴儿期到儿童期

• 批准号: 7463409
• 负责人: Lorraine E Bahrick
• 金额: $ 33.31万
• 依托单位: FLORIDA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-04-01 至 2013-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7463409
• 关键词: Accounting; Affect; Age; Area; Attention; Attenuated; Auditory; Autistic Disorder; Behavioral; Characteristics; Child; Childhood; Cognitive; Color; Complex; Condition; Data; Depth; Detection; Development; Developmental Delay Disorders; Discrimination; Event; Eye; Face; Face Processing; Fostering; Goals; Heart Rate; Human; Impairment; Infant; Infant Development; Intervention; Investigation; Joints; Language; Learning; Learning Disabilities; Link; Literature; Measures; Mediating; Memory; Modality; Modeling; Mothers; Nature; Ocular Fixation; Pattern; Perception; Perceptual learning; Photic Stimulation; Physiological; Preschool Child; Process; Property; Public Health; Recovery; Research; Research Design; Role; Social Development; Social Interaction; Social Perception; Specific qualifier value; Speech; Staging; Stimulus; Tactile; Testing; Thinking; Time; Translating; Translations; Visual; Visual attention; Voice; Walkers; base; developmental disease; early childhood; face perception; indexing; infancy; infant animal; novel; research study; response; selective attention; skills; social; theories; visual control

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The proposed research investigates how and under what conditions various aspects of social events become salient, attended, and perceived and how this changes across development from infancy through early childhood. In particular, this proposal explores the developmental course of infants' perception of faces, voices, and amodal properties of speech (tempo, rhythm, and intensity) in unimodal auditory, unimodal visual, and multimodal, audiovisual stimulation using convergent measures of heart rate, eye tracking, and infant controlled visual habituation. Predictions concerning the role of redundancy across the senses in promoting and organizing the development of attention, perception, and learning about different properties of events in multimodal and unimodal stimulation, generated from of our model of selective attention (the intersensory redundancy hypothesis) will be tested. Five specific aims systematically explore the conditions that facilitate versus attenuate learning about faces, voices, and amodal properties of speech. By investigating multimodal and unimodal perception under a single framework, we will provide a basis for integrating separate literatures and reveal important interactions between modality of stimulation (unimodal, multimodal) and attention to properties of events (redundantly versus nonredundantly specified) that cannot be detected in separate research designs. We use a novel combination of convergent measures: visual habituation and recovery reveal what properties of audiovisual speech events infants detect (faces, voices, amodal properties of speech), heart rate indexes the depth and efficiency of processing, and eye tracking reveals what features of dynamic faces infants selectively attend under different conditions (redundant vs nonredundant). By including measures across different levels of analysis, critical controls for amount and type of stimulation, manipulations of task difficulty, and effects of repeated exposure, we will reveal much more about the nature, basis, and processes underlying the attentional salience of social events than can be revealed by separate studies or single measures. Patterns of selective attention and learning about social events that converge with those of our prior studies of nonsocial events will suggest that general perceptual processes govern attention and learning in this domain. Our goals are to advance developmental theory in the area of attention and perception, and to establish norms for infant sensitivity to intersensory and unimodal information about critical aspects of social events that can be used for assessing atypical patterns of development and can serve as a basis for interventions. Assessing multimodal conditions will also enhance ecological validity and foster translation of findings to real world learning contexts. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: This research will reveal new information about the nature, basis, and development of attention to and perception of faces, voices, and amodal aspects of speech (tempo, rhythm, intensity) in unimodal visual, unimodal auditory, and multimodal audiovisual stimulation in infants and young children. Convergent measures of visual habituation, heart rate, and eye tracking, about the nature of selective attention to different properties of social events under different conditions, will provide a comprehensive and integrated picture of processes usually studied separately. Findings will provide a wealth of critical information about typical developmental patterns at a level of detail that is novel and necessary for identifying atypical patterns of development, including social attention deficits characteristic of autism. Findings are easily translated to real world settings and can serve as a basis for interventions for developmental delays.

描述（由申请人提供）：拟议的研究调查了社交事件的各个方面以及在哪些条件下如何变得显着，参加和感知的，以及从婴儿期到幼儿期的发展如何变化。特别是，该提案探讨了婴儿对语音，语音，节奏，节奏和强度的面孔，声音和阿莫达尔的感知的发育过程，该言语，单形式的视觉和多模式，多模式，视觉，视听，使用心脏速度，眼部速度跟踪，眼部跟踪，眼部的视觉疗法，培养为养护。关于冗余性在促进和组织注意力，感知和学习多模式和单峰刺激中事件的不同特性的冗余作用的预测将被测试。五个特定的目的是系统地探索促进语音的面孔，声音和阿莫达尔属性的促进的条件。通过在一个框架下研究多模式和单形的感知，我们将为整合单独的文献提供一个基础，并揭示刺激模态（单峰，多模式）与对事件的特性（有序相对于非偿还指定的）的关注之间的重要相互作用，这些相互作用在单独的研究设计中无法检测到。我们使用收敛措施的新型组合：视觉习惯和恢复揭示了视听言语事件的特性，婴儿检测到（面部，声音，言语的Amodal特性），心率指数索引索引处理的深度和效率，而眼睛跟踪却揭示了在不同条件下选择的动态面孔在不同的条件下（冗余Vs vs norumplection）。通过在不同级别的分析，刺激数量和类型的临界控制，任务难度的操纵以及反复暴露的影响方面进行衡量标准，我们将更多地揭示有关社交事件注意力显着性的性质，基础和过程的更多信息，而不是通过单独的研究或单一措施来揭示的。选择性关注和学习社交事件与我们先前对非社交事件研究的社交事件的模式将表明，一般的感知过程控制着该领域的关注和学习。我们的目标是在关注和感知领域中提高发展理论，并为婴儿对社交事件的关键方面的敏感性和单峰信息的敏感性建立规范，这些信息可用于评估非典型的发展模式，并可以作为干预措施的基础。评估多模式条件还将提高生态有效性并促进发现对现实世界学习环境的翻译。公共卫生相关性：这项研究将揭示有关单语言，单峰听觉和多模式的听觉刺激的言语，节奏，节奏，强度，节奏，节奏，节奏，强度）对面孔，声音和肢体方面的性质和感知的新信息。视觉习惯，心率和眼动追踪的收敛度量，即选择性关注社交事件在不同条件下的不同特性的性质，将提供通常分别研究的过程的全面综合图片。调查结果将提供有关典型发展模式的大量关键信息，这些细节是新颖的，对于识别非典型发展模式，包括自闭症的特征，包括社会注意力缺陷的特征。调查结果很容易转化为现实世界环境，可以作为开发延迟的干预措施的基础。