The Role of Peer Relations on Youth Eating and Choices of Activities

同伴关系对青少年饮食和活动选择的作用

• 批准号: 7475313
• 负责人: Sarah-Jeanne Salvy
• 金额: $ 33.68万
• 依托单位: STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-05-01 至 2011-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7475313
• 关键词: 14 year old; Adherence; Behavior; Behavioral; Body Weight decreased; Calories; Child; Condition; Consumption; Eating; Eating Behavior; Emotional; Energy Intake; Exposure to; Food; Food Energy; Friends; Friendships; Glacier; Health; Health behavior; Hyperphagia; Laboratories; Lead; Left; Leisure Activities; Modeling; Numbers; Nutrient; Overweight; Participant; Pattern; Physical activity; Play; Public Health; Randomized; Recommendation; Reporting; Research; Role; Social Behavior; Social Conditions; Social isolation; Students; Symptoms; Testing; Time; Victimization; Weight; Well in self; Work; Youth; cost; design; experience; high school; improved; indexing; peer; peer influence; peer victimization; psychological distress; research study; response; sedentary; skills; social; social cognition; tv watching

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): While the social and emotional costs of friendlessness and peer rejection are well-known, few studies have tested whether peer relationships and friendships impact youths' health by altering their eating behavior and physical activity. The proposed research is designed to assess whether peer relations and friendship can promote changes in food intake and choice of activities. Specific Aim 1 will test the hypothesis that "assortative friendship" in overweight children reinforces and maintains overeating, time allocation to sedentary behavior and social markers of victimization. Overweight and normal-weight participants will be tested on three occasions: with an unfamiliar peer, with a friend and alone. Time allocation to eating and activities and food intake will be compared across sessions. Friendship quality, peer victimization, social cognitions and internalizing symptoms will be assessed on the last session completed. We expect overweight friends to share more obesigenic behaviors such as less time allocation to active leisure activities, more time engaged in eating and greater energy consumption. We also predict similarity between overweight children and their mutual friends in the extent to which they report peer victimization and internalizing symptoms, but that a high quality friendship will diminish psychological distress. Specific Aim 2 will test whether the behavior of peers and friends may be used to modify youths' eating and time allocation to alternative activities, using a modeling paradigm. Overweight and normal-weight youths will be exposed to an informational video on healthy eating and physical activity or a control video (study skills). Then we will assess whether the child exposed to the healthy behavior video influences the eating behavior and activities of a friend or an unfamiliar peer depending on the experimental condition. It is hypothesized that exposure to the healthy video will predict food intake and choices of activities of the other child in the dyad, whereas exposure to a control video will not predict these variables. Specific Aim 3 will determine whether friends and peers can modify the reinforcing value of physical activity in overweight and lean youths, using a behavioral choice paradigm. The amount of work youth perform to gain access to food and to physical activity will be compared when physical activity is performed alone and when it is performed with a friend or with a peer depending on the experimental condition. The prediction is that overweight youth will show a biased allocation of their pattern of responses to gain access to food points when alone and when the alternative involves being physically active in the presence of an unfamiliar peer. However, the presence of a friend will increase the reinforcing value of physical activity in overweight youth. This research is designed to understand the role of peers and friends in youth adherence to health recommendations. Public Health Relevance: The proposed research is designed to assess whether peer relationships and friendship can promote changes in food intake and choice of activities. Findings from this study may improve understanding of barriers to weight loss in overweight youths and past non-adherence to health recommendations.

描述（由申请人提供）：虽然无友和拒绝的社会和情感成本是众所周知的，但很少有研究测试同伴关系和友谊是否通过改变其饮食行为和体育锻炼来影响年轻人的健康。拟议的研究旨在评估同伴关系和友谊是否可以促进食物摄入和活动的选择。具体目标1将检验以下假设：超重儿童中的“各种友谊”增强和维持暴饮暴食，分配给久坐行为的时间和受害的社会标志。超重和正常的体重参与者将在三个场合进行测试：与一个陌生的同伴，与朋友和一个人一起测试。将在各个会议上比较饮食，活动和食物摄入的时间分配。友谊质量，同伴受害，社会认知和内在症状将在上一次课程中评估。我们预计超重的朋友将分享更多的超生族行为，例如为积极休闲活动分配时间，更多的时间从事饮食和更大的能耗。我们还可以预测超重儿童与他们共同的朋友之间的相似性，在他们报告同伴受害和内在症状的程度上，高质量的友谊会减少心理困扰。特定的目标2将测试同行和朋友的行为是否可以使用建模范式来修改青年的饮食和时间分配给替代活动。超重和正常的年轻人将接触到有关健康饮食和体育锻炼或控制视频（学习技能）的信息视频。然后，我们将根据实验条件评估暴露于健康行为视频的孩子是否会影响朋友的饮食行为和活动或陌生的同伴。假设接触健康视频将预测二元组中另一个孩子的活动的食物摄入量和选择，而对控制视频的接触将无法预测这些变量。特定的目标3将确定朋友和同龄人是否可以使用行为选择范式来修改超重和精益青年中体育活动的增强价值。在单独进行体育锻炼以及与朋友或与同伴一起进行时，将比较青年的工作量，以获取食物和体育锻炼。预测是，超重的年轻人会在单独使用时以及替代方案涉及在不熟悉的同伴面前体育活跃的偏见分配他们的反应方式，以获取食物点。但是，朋友的存在将增加超重青年体育锻炼的增强价值。这项研究旨在了解同龄人和朋友在青年遵守健康建议中的作用。 公共卫生相关性：拟议的研究旨在评估同伴关系和友谊是否可以促进食物摄入量和活动选择的变化。这项研究的结果可能会提高对超重年轻人体重减轻的障碍以及过去不遵守健康建议的理解。