Resolving spatial patterning and egg size in Drosophila

解决果蝇的空间模式和卵大小

• 批准号: 7159073
• 负责人: CECELIA M MILES
• 金额: $ 4.4万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-09-25 至 2009-09-24
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7159073
• 关键词: Drosophilidae; RNA binding protein; biochemical evolution; cell morphology; developmental genetics; egg /ovum; embryo /fetus; immunofluorescence technique; invertebrate embryology; natural selections; postdoctoral investigator; quantitative trait loci; single nucleotide polymorphism; transcription factor

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Changes in egg size have played a critical transitional role in the evolution of diverse groups of animals, but the relationship between the highly canalized process of development and the highly variable trait of egg size is not well understood. I will examine two facets of egg size variation using the model animal Drosophila melanogaster: (1) the genetics of egg size and (2) the developmental consequences of adaptive variation in egg size. One of the most well characterized regulatory cascades known is the expression of maternal effect patterning genes that define the anterioposterior axis in a Drosophila embryo. Paradoxically, questions remain concerning the precision and reproducibility of this diffusion-mediated process in embryos of varying size. I propose using both direct and indirect selection on egg size to resolve the relationship between scaling of the egg and the morphogenetic hypothesis for pattern formation in the Drosophila embryo. I will combine two questions. How are shifts in egg size developmentally coordinated with the morphogenetic gradients that establish positional information in a fly embryo? What QTL are segregating under different selection regimes?

描述（由申请人提供）：蛋大小的变化在不同动物群体的进化中发挥了关键的过渡作用，但高度通道化的发育过程与蛋大小的高度可变性状之间的关系尚不清楚。我将使用模型动物果蝇研究卵子大小变异的两个方面：（1）卵子大小的遗传学和（2）卵子大小适应性变异的发育后果。已知最明确的调控级联之一是定义果蝇胚胎中前后轴的母体效应模式基因的表达。矛盾的是，在不同大小的胚胎中，这种扩散介导过程的精确度和再现性仍然存在问题。我建议使用对卵大小的直接和间接选择来解决卵的缩放与果蝇胚胎模式形成的形态发生假说之间的关系。我将结合两个问题。卵大小的变化在发育上如何与在果蝇胚胎中建立位置信息的形态发生梯度相协调？在不同的选择机制下，哪些 QTL 被分离？