Perception of Space by the Octavolateralis System: Sub-modality Interactions

八侧肌系统对空间的感知：子模态交互

• 批准号: 7391705
• 负责人: CHRISTOPHER B BRAUN
• 金额: $ 15.98万
• 依托单位: HUNTER COLLEGE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7391705
• 关键词: Ablation; Acceleration; Acute; Address; Air; Animals; Auditory; Auditory system; Behavior; Behavioral; Biology; Biophysics; Collection; Complex; Cues; Data; Detection; Development; Discrimination; Environment; Fishes; Goals; Hearing; Human; Individual; Investigation; Judgment; Labyrinth; Location; Masks; Measures; Modality; Modeling; Motion; Noise; Organ; Pattern; Perception; Physiological; Property; Range; Relative (related person); Reliance; Research; Research Personnel; Resolution; Role; Science; Sensory; Sensory Process; Signal Transduction; Source; Space Perception; Stimulus; Stimulus Generalization; System; Testing; Touch sensation; Ursidae Family; Water; Work; base; behavior measurement; behavior test; design; detector; haptics; improved; lateral line; novel; object perception; pressure; programs; rehabilitation strategy; relating to nervous system; research study; response; sensor; sensory prosthesis; sensory system; sound

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Sensory systems are continually challenged by the task of recognizing sources within a background of ambient noise. Research in sensory science should explain how this task is accomplished and identify stimuli that allow an animal to direct appropriate behaviors. The present study addresses this problem for two important detectors of vibratory sources--the inner ear and the closely related lateral line system of fishes. These closely related systems are proposed as a model of multi-sensory processing, for while the mammalian sense of hearing (in air) relies only on the detection of pressure fluctuations, most aquatic animals use multiple sensors to detect vibratory sources. These multiple systems provide information not only about the propagating pressure wave, but also two other aspects of the sound field surrounding a vibratory source: The acceleration field detected by inertial sensors of the inner ear; and the pattern of water motions detected by the lateral line. Thus each of these sensors responds to the same stimuli, but detects different physical aspects of the stimulus, and each has unique transduction mechanisms (the ways stimulus energy is transformed to neural activity). This study test hypotheses of how transduction mechanisms dictate the relevant aspect of the stimulus, which will increase our understanding of the biophysics of stimulus transduction in auditory systems. Further, this study will determine the ways in which multiple sensory systems are brought to bear in the perception of the natural environment. Unlike the majority of existing studies of these systems, which have been performed against a quiet background, this proposal measures the ability to detect spatially discrete signals and discriminate source location in both quiet and noisy settings. Another important feature of our experimental approach is the use of natural stimuli (vibratory dipoles rather than loudspeakers) that are effective for multiple hearing-related submodalities. This study is aimed at documenting and testing the ways multiple sensory systems combine to create unitary percepts in real-world situations. This research is important for the development of rehabilitation strategies following partial sensory loss and for the development of better sensory prostheses and automated sensors.

描述（申请人提供）：感官系统不断受到任务的挑战 在环境噪声的背景下识别来源。感官科学的研究应解释如何完成这项任务并确定允许动物指导适当行为的刺激。本研究解决了两个重要的振动源检测器的问题 - 内耳和紧密相关的鱼类侧线系统。这些密切相关的系统被提出为多感官处理的模型，因为哺乳动物的听力（在空气中）仅依赖于压力波动的检测，大多数水生动物都使用多个传感器来检测振动源。这些多个系统不仅提供了有关传播压力波的信息，还提供了振动源周围声场的其他两个方面：通过内耳的惯性传感器检测到的加速场；以及横向线检测到的水运动模式。因此，这些传感器中的每一个都响应相同的刺激，但是检测到刺激的不同物理方面，并且每个刺激都具有独特的转导机制（刺激能量转化为神经活动的方式）。这项研究测试假设转导机制如何决定刺激的相关方面，这将增加我们对听觉系统中刺激转导的生物物理学的理解。此外，这项研究将确定在自然环境感知中带来多个感官系统的方式。与已针对安静的背景进行的大多数现有系统的现有研究不同，该提案可以衡量检测空间离散信号并在安静和嘈杂设置中区分源位置的能力。我们实验方法的另一个重要特征是使用天然刺激（振动偶极子而不是扬声器），这些刺激可有效，可有效。这项研究旨在记录和测试多个感官系统结合以在现实情况下创造单一感知的方式。这项研究对于部分感官丧失和发展更好的感觉假体和自动传感器的发展而发展的康复策略很重要。