Study and Modulation of Brian Plasticity

Brian 可塑性的研究和调节

• 批准号: 7051391
• 负责人: Alvaro Pascual-Leone
• 金额: $ 12.05万
• 依托单位: BETH ISRAEL DEACONESS MEDICAL CENTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-03-01 至 2009-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7051391
• 关键词: Parkinson' s disease; aphasia; behavioral /social science research tag; bioimaging /biomedical imaging; blindness; brain electrical activity; brain imaging /visualization /scanning; cats; clinical research; computational neuroscience; functional ability; human subject; learning; neural plasticity; patient oriented research; psychomotor function; schizophrenia; sleep; stroke; transcranial magnetic stimulation

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This K24 Midcareer Investigator Award application outlines a program of patient-oriented research involving the use of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in the study and modulation of brain plasticity during the acquisition of new skills and the recovery of function after a stroke. The principal investigator, Alvaro PascuaI-Leone, M.D., Ph.D., completed his neurology training in 1990 and a fellowship in human cortical physiology and motor control under the mentorship of Prof. Mark Hallett at the NINDS in 1994. He is an accomplished clinical investigator in the areas of motor learning and brain plasticity and has a proven track record as a mentor for graduate students, fellows, and junior faculty pursuing careers in behavioral neurology related clinical investigation. He has devoted much of his career to the development of TMS as a novel tool for the investigation of brain-behavior relations and a non-invasive method for modulation of cortical brain activity. Since 1999 he is an associate director of the Harvard-Thorndike General Clinical Research Center (GCRC). This application encompassess 6 broad specific aims that address: (1) the role of efferent demand and afferent input on human cortical plasticity in the normal adult; (2) the impact of focal brain injury on motor learning-related adult human cortical plasticity; (3) the modification of brain plasticity and motor learning in the setting of cortico-subcortical pathology; (4) the modulation of brain plasticity by mental imagery; (5) the modulation of brain plasticity by repetitive TMS; and (6) the mechanisms of action of TMS on the brain. Translational efforts combining insights from basic experiment on animal models, computer modelling, neurogenetics, neurohysiology, neuroimaging, cognitive neuroscience, and neurological studies are a cornerstone of these aims that provide different clearly defined paths for fellows and junior faculty to pursue patient-oriented clinical research under the guidance of clinical research and laboratory mentors. Regular meetings with Dr. PascuaI-Leone, multidisciplinary conferences, focused clinical rotations, participation in a clinical investigation course, continuing medical education courses on TMS, and a newly established mentorship program, co-directed by Dr. PascuaI-Leone, will round out the trainees experience. Taken together this work should provide novel insights into strategies to enhance recovery of function after brain injury and, at the same time, provide superb training for the next cadre of clinical investigators who will be counted on to extend this effort.

描述（由申请人提供）：这份 K24 职业中期研究员奖申请概述了一项以患者为导向的研究计划，涉及在学习新技能和功能恢复过程中使用经颅磁刺激 (TMS) 和调节大脑可塑性中风后。首席研究员 Alvaro PascuaI-Leone 医学博士、哲学博士于 1990 年完成了神经学培训，并于 1994 年在 NINDS 的 Mark Hallett 教授的指导下获得了人类皮质生理学和运动控制方面的奖学金。运动学习和大脑可塑性领域的临床研究者，并作为研究生、研究员和初级教师的导师，在行为神经学相关临床领域拥有良好的职业生涯 调查。他将职业生涯的大部分时间投入到 TMS 的开发中，将其作为研究大脑行为关系的新工具和调节大脑皮层活动的非侵入性方法。自 1999 年起，他担任哈佛-桑代克综合临床研究中心 (GCRC) 的副主任。该应用包含 6 个广泛的具体目标，涉及：(1) 传出需求和传入输入对正常成年人人类皮质可塑性的作用； (2)局灶性脑损伤对运动学习相关的成人皮质可塑性的影响； (3) 皮质-皮质下病理背景下大脑可塑性和运动学习的改变； (4)心理意象对大脑可塑性的调节； (5)重复TMS对大脑可塑性的调节； (6)TMS对大脑的作用机制。结合动物模型、计算机建模、神经遗传学、神经生理学、神经影像学、认知神经科学和神经学研究等基础实验的见解的转化努力是这些目标的基石，为研究员和初级教师追求以患者为导向的临床研究提供了不同的明确定义的路径在临床研究和实验室导师的指导下。与 PascuaI-Leone 博士的定期会议、多学科会议、重点临床轮转、参与临床研究课程、TMS 继续医学教育课程以及由 PascuaI-Leone 博士共同指导的新设立的导师计划将圆满完成学员的经历。总而言之，这项工作应该为促进脑损伤后功能恢复的策略提供新颖的见解，同时为下一批临床研究人员提供极好的培训，他们将被指望扩大这一努力。