Application of Nanotechnology in Photodynamic Therapy

纳米技术在光动力治疗中的应用

• 批准号: 7020065
• 负责人: EARL James BERGEY
• 金额: $ 25.52万
• 依托单位: STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK AT BUFFALO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-03-01 至 2010-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7020065
• 关键词: athymic mouse; bioengineering /biomedical engineering; chemical conjugate; chemical structure; chemical synthesis; cytotoxicity; drug delivery systems; drug design /synthesis /production; interdisciplinary collaboration; laboratory mouse; lasers; microcapsule; nanomedicine; nanotechnology; neoplasm /cancer photoradiation therapy; nonhuman therapy evaluation; particle; pharmacokinetics; phosphorus compounds; photoactivation; photosensitizing agents; physical property; technology /technique development; therapy design /development; tissue /cell culture

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Nanotechnology is rapidly entering the therapeutics of human disease with novel drug delivery and targeting systems for increased specificity. In the newly defined area of nanomedicine, nanotechnology will provide innovative diagnostic/therapeutic approaches to human diseases. In regards to cancer therapy, Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is rapidly maturing as a standard treatment for many types of cancers. This proposal focuses on the integration of nanotechnology into photodynamic therapeutic approaches. First, we propose to investigate the use of upconversion nanophosphor technology to excite, in situ, photosensitizers (nanophosphor-PDT). Second, we propose to use nanoencapsulation techniques for the better delivery, targeting and effectiveness of hydrophobic photosensitizers. Nanophosphors are rare earth ion nanoparticles that convert infrared light (974 nm) to visible light. Coupled with the appropriate photosensitizing agent, these nanophosphors can provide in situ activation of these agents. Nanoencapsulation will enhance the efficacy of the hydrophobic agents by providing a non-aggregating formula of the agent thereby increasing the phototoxicity due to less aggregation and photodegradation. A multidisciplinary program will be involved in the integration of the nanotechnology approaches for PDT proposed in this application. In the development of this concept, we propose to use nanotechnology to provide new approaches for the treatment of neoplastic disease using new and established photosensitizers in mammalian disease systems. New therapeutic nanotechnological approaches will be accomplished in the following approaches: 1) Nanophosphor generation of light within the tissue (in situ) and cells using upconverting nanophosphor articles; 2) Development of photosensitizer encapsulated in organically modified silica nanoparticles as an, effective mechanism for delivery of these hydrophobic agents; and 3) Integration of these two nanotechnologies by their fusion into composite and conjugated nanoparticles. Each approach will be individually evaluated, in vitro and in vivo, for therapeutic efficacy using established techniques.

描述（由申请人提供）：纳米技术正在迅速进入人类疾病的治疗领域，其新型药物输送和靶向系统可提高特异性。在新定义的纳米医学领域，纳米技术将为人类疾病提供创新的诊断/治疗方法。在癌症治疗方面，光动力疗法（PDT）作为多种癌症的标准治疗方法正在迅速成熟。该提案的重点是将纳米技术整合到光动力治疗方法中。首先，我们建议研究使用上转换纳米磷光体技术来原位激发光敏剂（纳米磷光体-PDT）。其次，我们建议使用纳米封装技术来更好地传递、靶向和提高疏水性光敏剂的有效性。纳米磷光体是稀土离子纳米粒子，可将红外光（974 nm）转换为可见光。与适当的光敏剂结合，这些纳米磷光体可以提供这些试剂的原位激活。纳米封装将通过提供疏水剂的非聚集配方来增强疏水剂的功效，从而由于较少的聚集和光降解而增加光毒性。一个多学科项目将涉及本申请中提出的 PDT 纳米技术方法的整合。在这一概念的发展中，我们建议利用纳米技术在哺乳动物疾病系统中使用新的和已建立的光敏剂来提供治疗肿瘤疾病的新方法。新的治疗纳米技术方法将通过以下方法实现：1）使用上转换纳米磷光体制品在组织（原位）和细胞内产生纳米磷光； 2) 开发封装在有机改性二氧化硅纳米颗粒中的光敏剂，作为传递这些疏水剂的有效机制； 3) 通过将这两种纳米技术融合成复合和共轭纳米颗粒来进行整合。每种方法都将使用既定技术在体外和体内单独评估治疗效果。