HVEM TOMOGRAPHY OF MITOTIC SPINDLES IN POLYPLOID YEAST

多倍体酵母中有丝分裂纺锤体的 HVEM 断层扫描

• 批准号: 7355021
• 负责人: DAVID S PELLMAN
• 金额: $ 0.94万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-09-26 至 2007-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7355021
• 关键词: adhesions; centromere; emotions; evolution; gene mutation; genes; genome; microtubules; mitotic spindle apparatus; model; polyploidy; publications; sectioning; siblings; spindle pole body; stress; tomography; yeasts

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. The subproject and investigator (PI) may have received primary funding from another NIH source, and thus could be represented in other CRISP entries. The institution listed is for the Center, which is not necessarily the institution for the investigator. Polyploidy occurs during development, cellular stress, disease and evolution. Despite its prevalence, little is known about the physiological alterations that accompany polyploidy. The Pellman lab previously described ¿ploidy-specific lethality¿ where a gene deletion that is not lethal in haploid or diploid budding yeast causes lethality in triploids or tetraploids. A genome-wide screen was used to identify ploidy-specific lethal functions. Only 39 in 3540 mutations screens exhibited ploidy-specific lethality. Almost all of these mutations affect genomic stability by impairing homologous recombination, sister chromatid cohesion, or mitotic spindle function. Recent experiments in the Pellman lab show that tetraploids have a high incidence of syntelic/monopolar kinetochore attachments to the spindle pole. A computational model suggests that this defect can be explained by scaling effects. Serial section, dual-axis tomography of forming spindles in tetraploids showed that the surface of the inner plaque of the spindle pole body doubles in area relative to diploid cells, but that microtubule lengths are similar in spindles of different ploidy. Thus, geometric constraints may have profound effects on genome stability. This work has been submitted for publication.

该主题项目是利用NIH/NCRR资助的中心赠款提供的资源的众多研究子项目之一。子弹和调查员（PI）可能已经从其他NIH来源获得了主要资金，因此可以在其他清晰的条目中代表。列出的机构是针对该中心的，这不是调查人员的机构。多倍体发生在发育，细胞应激，疾病和进化过程中。尽管盛行，但对可容纳多倍体的物理变化知之甚少。佩尔曼实验室先前描述了倍数特异性的致死性。其中一种基因缺失在单倍体或二倍体发芽的酵母中无致死性，导致三倍体或四倍体中的致死性。全基因组筛选用于鉴定倍性特异性致命功能。在3540个突变中只有39个暴露于倍性特异性致死性。几乎所有这些突变都通过损害同源重组，姐妹染色质被或有丝分裂纺锤体功能来影响基因组稳定性。 Pellman实验室中的最新实验表明，四倍体具有较高的杂物/单极动力学动力学附件，纺锤极。一个计算模型表明，可以通过缩放效应来解释此缺陷。串行部分，四倍体中形成纺锤体的双轴断层扫描表明，纺锤体体的内斑的表面相对于二倍体细胞，纺锤体体的内部斑块在面积上加倍，但微管长度在不同脚趾的纺锤体中相似。这是几何约束可能对基因组稳定性产生深远影响。这项工作已提交出版。