Sensory Experiences in Children with Autism

自闭症儿童的感官体验

• 批准号: 7372765
• 负责人: GRACE T BARANEK
• 金额: $ 45.64万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-02-15 至 2013-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7372765
• 关键词: Accounting; Activities of Daily Living; Adaptive Behaviors; Address; Affect; Age; Age-Years; Attention; Autistic Disorder; Behavior; Caregivers; Child; Childhood; Code; Cohort Studies; Communication; Communities; Complement; Daily; Data; Detection; Development; Developmental Disabilities; Diagnosis; Discrimination; Early Diagnosis; Electrophysiology (science); Emotional; Family; Goals; Home environment; Individual; Infant; Intervention; Interview; Laboratories; Life; Longitudinal Studies; Measures; Mediating; Methods; Motor Activity; Names; Neurocognitive; Nursery Schools; Observational Study; Outcome; Parents; Pathogenesis; Pattern; Phenotype; Play; Prospective Studies; Purpose; Recording of previous events; Reporting; Risk Factors; Risk Marker; School-Age Population; Schools; Secure; Sensory; Sensory Process; Staging; Stereotyped Behavior; Stimulus; Structure; Subgroup; Surveys; Symptoms; Thinking; Time; auditory stimulus; base; behavior observation; brain behavior; cohort; design; experience; family structure; follow-up; functional outcomes; improved; infancy; neurocognitive test; neurophysiology; novel; prospective; relating to nervous system; response; sensory discrimination; sensory mechanism; sensory stimulus; social; social skills; sound

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Unusual sensory experiences are reported in 69% of children with autism and these features are thought to have negative consequences on development, adaptive behavior, and family functioning. The purpose of this project is to explain the developmental course, functional impact, and pathogenesis of sensory features with implications for early detection and intervention. The project will study three commonly observed sensory response patterns: hyporesponsive, hyperresponsive, and sensory seeking. The aims are to: 1) determine longitudinal changes in sensory features in children with autism and DD; 2) measure how sensory features impact children's adaptive behaviors (daily living, functional communication/social skills, and level of participation in home/community activities), maladaptive behaviors (stereotyped features, social-emotional problems), and family functioning (parental strain); and 3) isolate specific neurocognitive and contextual risk factors that are associated with the observable sensory problems. Four interrelated studies (total n=210) will address these aims. Study 1 (prospective longitudinal design) uses an existing cohort to examine stability of sensory features from the preschool (2-6 yrs) to the school-age (6-12 yrs.) period, and the functional impact of these features on child/ family outcomes. Study 2 employs retrospective video analysis to identify precursors of sensory features in children with autism during infancy (9-18 months), differentiate these from controls, and predict to preschool/school-age developmental outcomes. Study 3 uses a combination of lab measures, personal accounts of parents and verbal children, and in-home behavioral observations to determine the environmental contexts that elicit unusual sensory features and their impact on family functioning in daily life. Study 4 uses electrophysiology (ERP) to test neurocognitive mechanisms (sensory detection, discrimination, involuntary orienting) that are predicted to underlie specific sensory phenotypes. Thus, in a subgroup of children, convergent data from 4 developmental time points (early infancy, later infancy, preschool and school years) will be secured to study change trajectories in sensory features in autism using mixed methods. Our findings may have implications for understanding brain-behavior linkages, early risk markers of unusual sensory features and their developmental course, and novel intervention strategies that may improve child and family functioning.

描述（由申请人提供）：有69％的自闭症儿童报告了异常的感官体验，这些特征被认为对发展，适应性行为和家庭功能产生负面影响。该项目的目的是解释感官特征的发展过程，功能影响和发病机理，对早期检测和干预有影响。该项目将研究三种通常观察到的感觉响应模式：反应不足，反应症和寻求感官。目的是：1）确定自闭症和DD儿童感觉特征的纵向变化； 2）衡量感官特征如何影响儿童的适应性行为（日常生活，功能沟通/社交技能以及参与家庭/社区活动的水平），适应不良的行为（刻板印象特征，社交情感问题）和家庭功能（父母劳累）； 3）与可观察到的感觉问题相关的孤立特定的神经认知和上下文风险因素。四个相互关联的研究（总n = 210）将解决这些目标。研究1（前瞻性纵向设计）使用现有队列来检查从学龄前（2 - 6年）到学龄（6-12岁）时期的感觉特征的稳定性，以及这些特征对儿童/家庭成果的功能影响。研究2采用回顾性视频分析来确定婴儿期儿童（9-18个月）的感官特征的前体，将这些视频特征与对照区分开，并预测到学龄前/学龄前学时代​​的发育结果。研究3结合了实验室措施，父母和言语子女的个人记载以及在家中的行为观察来确定引起异常感官特征及其对日常生活中家庭功能的影响的环境环境。研究4使用电生理学（ERP）测试神经认知机制（感觉检测，歧视，非自愿取向），预测是基于特定的感觉表型的基础。因此，在儿童子组中，将确保使用4个发育时间点（早期，婴儿期，学龄前和学年）的收敛数据，以使用混合方法研究自闭症中感觉特征的变化轨迹。我们的发现可能对了解大脑行为联系，不寻常的感官特征及其发育过程的早期风险标志以及可能改善儿童和家庭功能的新颖干预策略具有影响。