Sexual Dimorphism in the Drosophila Gonad

果蝇性腺的性别二态性

基本信息

批准号：
7405304
负责人：
Mark B Van Doren
金额：
$ 26.29万
依托单位：
JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2004
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2004-04-01 至 2009-03-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7405304
关键词：
Address Adhesions Affect Animals Apoptosis Binding Biochemical Biological Biological Assay Biology Body part Bombesin Caco-2 Cells Cell Density Cell Line Cells Cellular biology Chronic Clinical Cultured Cells Data Development Development, Other Doctor of Philosophy Drosophila genus EGF gene Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Epithelial Epithelial Cells Extracellular Matrix Family Feedback Female Fibroblast Growth Factor Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 Financial compensation Focal Adhesion Kinase 1 Focal Adhesions Future G-Protein-Coupled Receptors Gastric ulcer Genes Genetic Genetic Transcription Germ Cells Goals Gonadal structure Growth Factor Healed Homologous Gene Human In Situ Hybridization In Vitro Infertility Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Injury Integrins Intervention Intestines Invertebrates Knockout Mice Laminin Ligand Binding MAPK14 gene MAPK8 gene Malignant - descriptor Mediating Membrane Messenger RNA Modeling Molecular Morphologic artifacts Mus Ovary Pathway interactions Peptic Ulcer Peptides Phase Phenotype Phosphorylation Play Population Post-Translational Protein Processing Process Protein Biosynthesis Protein Tyrosine Kinase Proteins Range Reagent Receptor Signaling Recruitment Activity Regulation Reproduction Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction Role Serum Sexual Development Signal Pathway Signal Transduction Signaling Molecule Small Interfering RNA Somatic Cell Stimulus Syndrome Techniques Testing Testis Thinking Time Transcriptional Regulation Transfection Tyrosine Vertebrates Work atherogenesis base cell motility cell type gastrointestinal epithelium healing human tissue improved in vivo inhibitor/antagonist injury and repair innovation mRNA Transcript Degradation male migration monolayer novel promoter protein degradation receptor response sex sex determination sexual dimorphism

Address Adhesions Affect Animals Apoptosis Binding Biochemical Biological Biological Assay Biology Body part Bombesin Caco-2 Cells Cell Density Cell Line Cells Cellular biology Chronic Clinical Cultured Cells Data Development Development, Other Doctor of Philosophy Drosophila genus EGF gene Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Epithelial Epithelial Cells Extracellular Matrix Family Feedback Female Fibroblast Growth Factor Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 Financial compensation Focal Adhesion Kinase 1 Focal Adhesions Future G-Protein-Coupled Receptors Gastric ulcer Genes Genetic Genetic Transcription Germ Cells Goals Gonadal structure Growth Factor Healed Homologous Gene Human In Situ Hybridization In Vitro Infertility Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Injury Integrins Intervention Intestines Invertebrates Knockout Mice Laminin Ligand Binding MAPK14 gene MAPK8 gene Malignant - descriptor Mediating Membrane Messenger RNA Modeling Molecular Morphologic artifacts Mus Ovary Pathway interactions Peptic Ulcer Peptides Phase Phenotype Phosphorylation Play Population Post-Translational Protein Processing Process Protein Biosynthesis Protein Tyrosine Kinase Proteins Range Reagent Receptor Signaling Recruitment Activity Regulation Reproduction Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction Role Serum Sexual Development Signal Pathway Signal Transduction Signaling Molecule Small Interfering RNA Somatic Cell Stimulus Syndrome Techniques Testing Testis Thinking Time Transcriptional Regulation Transfection Tyrosine Vertebrates Work atherogenesis base cell motility cell type gastrointestinal epithelium healing human tissue improved in vivo inhibitor/antagonist injury and repair innovation mRNA Transcript Degradation male migration monolayer novel promoter protein degradation receptor response sex sex determination sexual dimorphism

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项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): A fundamental problem in biology is how different sexual phenotypes, male vs. female, are created during development. Sexual dimorphism in the gonad is particularly important, since the gonad must generate distinct male or female gametes for reproduction, and often controls the sexual development of other parts of the body. The choice between male and female is initiated by a sex determination "switch", a genetic or environmental signal that controls sexual identity. Sex determination switches can vary widely between different animal species. However, there is increasing evidence that the pathways these switches control to create sexual dimorphism may be more highly conserved, even between vertebrates and invertebrates. We have found that the Drosophila gonad is already sexually dimorphic at the time of initial gonad formation. A group of somatic cells is recruited into the developing testis, but not the ovary. Interestingly, these cells express a Drosophila homolog of Sox9, a gene that is critical for sex determination in humans and is thought to play a similar role in other vertebrates. The male-specific cells initially form in both sexes, but are eliminated in the female by programmed cell death. Sexual dimorphism in the somatic gonad also directly regulates male- or female-specific development of the germ cells. Our initial work now enables us to address several essential questions about gonad sexual dimorphism: 1) How does a sex determination switch control sexual dimorphism? 2) How does the recruitment of male-specific cells into the gonad influence testis formation? 3) Does the Drosophila Sox9 homolog play a conserved role in male sexual development? 4) How is sex-specific germ cell development regulated by the somatic gonad? This work will further our understanding of how sexual dimorphism is controlled at the cellular and molecular levels. It will also provide a basis for understanding human syndromes, such as the one caused by loss of Sox9, where sexual dimorphism is disrupted, resulting in sex reversal and infertility.

描述（由申请人提供）：生物学的一个基本问题是在发育过程中如何创建不同的性表型，男性与女性。性腺中的性二态性尤为重要，因为性腺必须产生独特的男性或女配子以进行生殖，并且经常控制身体其他部位的性发展。男性和女性之间的选择是由性别确定“转换”开始的，这是控制性认同的遗传或环境信号。性别确定转换在不同的动物物种之间可能会有所不同。但是，有越来越多的证据表明，即使在脊椎动物和无脊椎动物之间，这些开关控制以产生性二态性的途径也可能更加保守。我们发现，果蝇性腺在最初的性腺形成时已经是性二态的。一组体细胞被募集到发育中的睾丸中，但没有饲养卵巢。有趣的是，这些细胞表达了Sox9的果蝇同源物，Sox9是对人类性别确定至关重要的基因，被认为在其他脊椎动物中起着相似的作用。男性特异性细胞最初在两个性别中形成，但通过编程细胞死亡在女性中被消除。体细胞性腺中的性二态性也直接调节生殖细胞的男性或女性特异性发育。现在，我们的最初工作使我们能够解决有关性腺性二态性的几个基本问题：1）性确定如何控制性二态性？ 2）募集男性特异性细胞如何影响睾丸形成？ 3）果蝇Sox9同源物在男性性发展中起着保守的作用吗？ 4）如何由体细胞性腺调节性别特异性生殖细胞的发育？这项工作将进一步了解在细胞和分子水平上如何控制性二态性。它还将为理解人类综合征的基础，例如由SOX9丧失引起的，在这种综合症中，性二态性受到了破坏，从而导致性逆转和不育。