Schools, Neighborhoods, and Adolescent Risk Behaviors

学校、社区和青少年的危险行为

• 批准号: 7363883
• 负责人: MICHELE J SIEGEL
• 金额: $ 1.85万
• 依托单位: RUTGERS, THE STATE UNIV OF N.J.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-02-17 至 2008-02-17
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7363883
• 关键词: HIV infections; academic achievement; adolescence (12-20); alcoholism /alcohol abuse; behavioral /social science research tag; child behavior; clinical research; community; drug abuse; education cost /financing; family structure /dynamics; gender difference; high risk behavior /lifestyle; human data; information systems; longitudinal human study; peer group; racial /ethnic difference; secondary schools; sex behavior; student dropouts; urban area

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Inner city adolescents in AIDS epicenters are at high risk for HIV/STDs. Most research on predictors of risky sexual behaviors among adolescents focuses on individual characteristics. This study will examine the relationship between school characteristics and adolescent risk. Hypotheses were derived using theories developed to link neighborhood traits to risk behaviors (Jencks and Mayer, 1990). It is postulated that schools influence adolescent risk behaviors through their institutional resources (e.g., academic resources, financial resources, infrastructure) and peer effects (e.g., delinquency, absenteeism, dropout rate). The study aims are: 1) to test whether there is a direct relationship between school attributes and adolescent risk behaviors, and whether adolescent subjective norms and peer behaviors mediate this relationship; 2) to test whether individual, family and neighborhood traits confound the influence of school attributes on adolescent risk behaviors; 3) to test whether individual characteristics moderate the relationship between school attributes and risk behaviors; and 4) to test whether school attributes affect the success of an intervention to reduce teen risk behaviors. The data set for this research was collected for R01MH61144. It consists of 1,052 adolescents age 14 to 17 living in the Bronx, NY. The data set includes measures of adolescent sexual experience and use of drugs and alcohol, the school the adolescent attends and the address where they live. These data will be linked to publicly available data on schools and census tracts. Information on the socio- demographic characteristics of census tracts is available from the website, Infoshare Online. Information on school characteristics is available from the NYC Department of Education website and other websites. This study will advance research on HIV risks by using a theoretical approach that combines individual, school and neighborhood traits to understand adolescent risk behavior. It will also clarify whether the success of individual-level HIV preventive interventions depends on school (and neighborhood) context.

描述（由申请人提供）：艾滋病中心的内城青少年感染艾滋病毒/性病的风险很高。大多数关于青少年危险性行为预测因素的研究都集中在个体特征上。本研究将探讨学校特征与青少年风险之间的关系。假设是利用将社区特征与风险行为联系起来的理论得出的（Jencks 和 Mayer，1990）。据推测，学校通过其机构资源（例如，学术资源、财政资源、基础设施）和同伴效应（例如，犯罪、缺勤、辍学率）影响青少年的风险行为。研究目的是：1）检验学校属性与青少年危险行为之间是否存在直接关系，以及青少年主观规范和同伴行为是否介导这种关系； 2）测试个人、家庭和邻里特征是否混淆了学校属性对青少年危险行为的影响； 3）检验个体特征是否调节学校属性与风险行为之间的关系； 4) 测试学校属性是否会影响减少青少年危险行为的干预措施的成功。本研究的数据集是为 R01MH61144 收集的。它由居住在纽约州布朗克斯区的 1,052 名 14 至 17 岁青少年组成。该数据集包括青少年性经历、毒品和酒精使用情况、青少年就读的学校以及居住地址。这些数据将与学校和人口普查区的公开数据相关联。有关人口普查区社会人口特征的信息可从 Infoshare Online 网站获取。有关学校特色的信息可从纽约市教育部网站和其他网站获取。这项研究将通过结合个人、学校和社区特征的理论方法来了解青少年的危险行为，从而推进艾滋病毒风险的研究。它还将澄清个人层面的艾滋病毒预防干预措施的成功是否取决于学校（和社区）的环境。