The Role of Social Factors and Alcohol Use in Young Adult Smoking

社会因素和饮酒在年轻人吸烟中的作用

• 批准号: 8003613
• 负责人: Catherine Amanda Schweizer
• 金额: $ 3.18万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-08-01 至 2013-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8003613
• 关键词: Address; Adolescent; Age Factors; Alcohol consumption; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Behavior; Communities; Data; Dependence; Expectancy; Exposure to; Future; Gender; Goals; Growth; Health; Health behavior; Heavy Drinking; Impulsivity; Intervention; Light; Link; Literature; Longitudinal Studies; Measures; Mediating; Modeling; Nicotine Dependence; Population; Populations at Risk; Preventive Intervention; Public Health; Research; Role; Smoke; Smoker; Smoking; Smoking Status; Social Interaction; Surveys; Testing; Tobacco Dependence; age group; college; drinking; hazardous drinking; instrument; parallel processing; prospective; public health relevance; social; young adult

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Young adult smoking is a public health concern that has been largely understudied, particularly given that rates of smoking are highest in this age group (CADHS, 2008). Among young adults, light smoking (< 5 cigs a day or < daily) is more common than heavy or daily smoking (Johnston et al., 2008). Recent studies have provided evidence for a link between light smoking and heavy drinking, with young adult nondaily smokers not only drinking more than daily smokers on days when drinking and smoking co-occurred (Harrison, et al, 2008), but also nondaily smokers were more likely to have had a recent binge episode (Harrison et al., 2009). However, the mechanisms linking these behaviors have not been investigated. Past research has shown that social factors are implicated in smoking initiation and progression and are thought to be a substantial influence on substance use behaviors in adolescents and young adults (e.g., Levinson et al., 2007). The proposed study will investigate the link between smoking, alcohol use, and social factors among young adults with the broader goal of informing prevention and intervention efforts with this population. Data for the current study will be drawn from four existing longitudinal studies that examine the initiation, progression, and cessation of substance use behaviors among college-attending young adults (N=613). Additionally, original cross-sectional data will be collected via an online survey of non-college attending young adults (N=500). First, to test a model of the hypothesized reciprocal role of alcohol use and smoking, thought to be mediated by interpersonal factors, age, and gender, cross-lagged path analysis will be employed, including both latent and manifest variables. Second, an instrument will be developed in order to measure the extent to which smoking is expected to facilitate social interactions. Extensive literature supports the role of expectancies (i.e., anticipated consequences of substance use) on future substance use behaviors. However, no multi-item instruments exist that measure this particular expectancy domain for young adults. Third, to test a prospective model of smoking and drinking progression parallel process latent growth curve analyses will be utilized. This aim will be addressed by examining the progression of smoking and drinking, their relationship to each other, and the mediational effects of interpersonal factors (exposure to smoking, significant others' smoking status, identity as a "social smoker"), intrapersonal factors (impulsivity, Nicotine Dependence, negative affectivity), and expectancies for substance use (utilizing the new instrument, a measure of alcohol use expectancies, and smoking and drinking expectancies). Finally, a model of the effect of interpersonal factors, intrapersonal factors, and alcohol use upon concurrent smoking will be tested with both college-attending and community young adults. The findings from the proposed study will serve to further our understanding of the relationship between smoking, drinking, and social factors and will serve to inform interventions that target both behaviors. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: The proposed research will evaluate the relationship between alcohol use, social factors, and smoking among young adults, a population at risk for substance use and dependence. The findings will inform intervention and prevention efforts to address these dangerous health behaviors, which may yield considerable benefits in reducing the health burden of tobacco addiction and hazardous drinking.

描述（由申请人提供）：青少年吸烟是一个公共健康问题，但在很大程度上尚未得到充分研究，特别是考虑到该年龄段的吸烟率最高（CADHS，2008 年）。在年轻人中，轻度吸烟（每天 < 5 支或<每天）比重度吸烟或每天吸烟更常见（Johnston 等人，2008 年）。最近的研究为轻度吸烟和大量饮酒之间的联系提供了证据，年轻的非日常吸烟者不仅在饮酒和吸烟同时发生的日子里比日常吸烟者饮酒更多（Harrison 等人，2008 年），而且非日常吸烟者更有可能最近有过暴食行为（Harrison et al., 2009）。然而，尚未研究连接这些行为的机制。过去的研究表明，社会因素与吸烟的开始和进展有关，并被认为对青少年和年轻人的物质使用行为有重大影响（例如，Levinson 等人，2007 年）。拟议的研究将调查年轻人吸烟、饮酒和社会因素之间的联系，其更广泛的目标是为该人群的预防和干预工作提供信息。当前研究的数据将来自四项现有的纵向研究，这些研究考察了在校年轻人 (N=613) 物质使用行为的开始、进展和停止。此外，原始横截面数据将通过对未上大学的年轻人（N = 500）进行在线调查来收集。首先，为了测试假设的饮酒和吸烟相互作用的模型（被认为是由人际因素、年龄和性别介导的），将采用交叉滞后路径分析，包括潜在变量和显性变量。其次，将开发一种工具来衡量吸烟对社会互动的促进程度。大量文献支持预期（即物质使用的预期后果）对未来物质使用行为的作用。然而，不存在衡量年轻人这一特定预期范围的多项目工具。第三，为了测试吸烟和饮酒进展的前瞻性模型，将利用并行过程潜在生长曲线分析。这一目标将通过检查吸烟和饮酒的进展、它们之间的关系以及人际因素（接触吸烟、重要他人的吸烟状况、“社交吸烟者”的身份）、个人内部因素（冲动性、尼古丁依赖、负面情感）和物质使用预期（利用新工具，衡量酒精使用预期以及吸烟和饮酒预期）。最后，将在大学和社区年轻人中测试人际因素、内心因素和饮酒对同时吸烟的影响模型。拟议研究的结果将有助于进一步了解吸烟、饮酒和社会因素之间的关系，并将有助于为针对这两种行为的干预措施提供信息。 公共健康相关性：拟议的研究将评估年轻人（有物质使用和依赖风险的人群）中饮酒、社会因素和吸烟之间的关系。研究结果将为解决这些危险的健康行为的干预和预防工作提供信息，这可能会在减轻烟草成瘾和危险饮酒的健康负担方面产生巨大的好处。