Functional Anatomy of Appetitive & Aversive Conditioning

食欲的功能解剖

• 批准号: 6997657
• 负责人: MICHAEL A MCDANNALD
• 金额: $ 3.79万
• 依托单位: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-07-01 至 2008-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6997657
• 关键词: amygdala; association learning; behavioral /social science research tag; conditioning; confocal scanning microscopy; fluorescent in situ hybridization; goal oriented behavior; laboratory rat; learning; motivation; neural information processing; neurogenetics; neuropsychology; nucleus accumbens; predoctoral investigator; regulatory gene; reinforcer

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Recent descriptions of both human and animal behavior emphasize its goal-directed nature. Goals can be naturally occurring or learned events. That is, learning can transform a neutral event into one with motivational value, an event for which an animal will work to obtain or avoid. This process can be adaptive, freeing behavior from exclusive control by natural events, or maladaptive, leading to behaviors such as relapse in drug seeking. Despite its importance in both advantageous and aberrant behavior, knowledge of the conditions under which motivational value is acquired and the neural mechanisms that underlie this process remain poorly understood. Examination of both excitatory and inhibitory learning in concurrent appetitive and aversive conditioning procedures will extend knowledge of the conditions under which motivational value is acquired. Differential processing of appetitive and aversive events by single neurons will be provided using the immediate early genes Arc and H1a. The combination of behavioral and neural precision provided in this application will result in a better understanding of the neural circuitry that underlies the acquisition of motivational value through associative learning.

描述（由申请人提供）：最近对人类和动物行为的描述都强调其目标导向的性质。目标可以是自然发生的或习得的事件。也就是说，学习可以将中性事件转化为具有激励价值的事件，即动物会努力获得或避免的事件。这个过程可以是适应性的，将行为从自然事件的排他性控制中解放出来，也可以是适应不良的，导致诸如吸毒复发等行为。尽管它在有利行为和异常行为中都很重要，但人们对获得动机价值的条件以及这一过程背后的神经机制仍然知之甚少。在同时进行的食欲和厌恶调节过程中检查兴奋性和抑制性学习将扩展对获得动机价值的条件的了解。将使用立即早期基因 Arc 和 H1a 来提供单个神经元对食欲和厌恶事件的差异处理。本应用中提供的行为和神经精度的结合将有助于更好地理解神经回路，而神经回路是通过联想学习获取动机价值的基础。