HLA class II transgenic mice as models for bacterial superantigen induced disease

HLA II 类转基因小鼠作为细菌超抗原诱导疾病的模型

基本信息

批准号：
7212656
负责人：
CHELLA S DAVID
金额：
$ 22.2万
依托单位：
MAYO CLINIC ROCHESTER
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2007
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2007-04-01 至 2012-03-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7212656
关键词：
Acute Address Affinity Animal Model Anti-Inflammatory Agents Anti-inflammatory Antigens Atopic Dermatitis Autoimmune Diseases Bacterial Antigens Bacterial Infections Bacterial Model Bacterial Toxins Bacterial exotoxin Binding Biological CD8B1 gene Cell Adhesion Molecules Chronic Chronic Disease Class Clinical Complex Condition Development Disease Drug Delivery Systems Exotoxins Exposure to Extrinsic asthma Family Food Poisoning Functional disorder Genes Genetic HLA Antigens Health Histocompatibility Antigens Class II Human Immune Immune response Immune system Immunobiology Individual Inflammatory Intervention Invasive Investigation Knowledge Lead Ligands Lung Inflammation Lung diseases Lymphoid Tissue Major Histocompatibility Complex Mediating Mediator of activation protein Modeling Molecular Mouse Strains Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome Mus Nose Numbers Organ Outcome Pathogenesis Pathology Pathway interactions Pharmaceutical Preparations Process Public Health Reproduction Research Personnel Role Sepsis Syndrome Site Specificity Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B Staphylococcus aureus Streptococcus pyogenes Superantigens Syndrome System T-Cell Receptor T-Lymphocyte T-Lymphocyte Subsets Therapeutic Toxic Shock Syndrome Transgenic Mice Transgenic Organisms Vaccines Virulence base chemokine clinically relevant clinically significant cytokine genetic manipulation human disease microbial mouse model novel pathogen polypeptide programs prophylactic tool

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Bacterial superantigens are a family of polypeptide exotoxins. Unlike conventional antigens, bacterial superantigens cause robust activation of a large proportion of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells based on their T cell receptor variable gene beta usage and not on their antigen specificities. Bacterial superantigens are implicated in a spectrum of diseases such as food poisoning, toxic shock syndromes, Kawasaki disease, asthma, atopic dermatitis and vasculitic and autoimmune disorders. Bacterial superantigens, especially staphylococcal enterotoxin B, may also be used as biological weapons. Superantigens are produced primarily by Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes. The former can be present even in healthy individuals (particularly the nasal passage) called carriers. In spite of their immense clinical importance, there is a significant knowledge gap in our understanding of the immunobiology of bacterial superantigens. This is largely attributed to the dearth of suitable animal models that can recapitulate human diseases because bacterial superantigens fail to interact efficiently with non-human MHC class II molecules. Transgenic expression of human MHC class II molecules (which are the high affinity ligands for bacterial superantigens) in mice dramatically augments their immune response to bacterial superantigens and renders HLA class II transgenic mice susceptible to superantigen-mediated pathology including toxic shock. Availability of these convenient mouse models enables us to better understand the pathobiology of bacterial superantigens. We have developed numerous lines of HLA class II transgenic mice and introduced a number of genetic manipulations of immunological significance in these mice. Using these robust humanized mouse models, we plan to: (1) Delineate the pathogenesis of bacterial superantigen-induced acute clinical syndrome; (2) Dissect the role of components of the immune system in the pathogenesis of bacterial superantigen-induced acute clinical syndrome; and (3) Evaluate the role of staphylococcal superantigens in the etiopathogenesis of certain inflammatory disorders of respiratory system. Superantigens are bacterial toxins, which are extremely harmful to human beings; miniscule quantities are sufficient to cause severe disease. As superantigens fail to induce disease in commonly used experimental mice, we have developed new strains of mice expressing human molecules. These mice suffer from superantigen-induced disease like humans and can be effectively used to understand disease process associated with bacterial superantigens and to develop novel drugs and vaccines.

描述（由申请人提供）：细菌超抗原是多肽外毒素家族。与传统抗原不同，细菌超抗原根据其 T 细胞受体可变基因 β 的使用而不是其抗原特异性，引起大部分 CD4+ 和 CD8+ T 细胞的强烈激活。细菌超抗原与一系列疾病有关，例如食物中毒、中毒性休克综合征、川崎病、哮喘、特应性皮炎以及血管炎和自身免疫性疾病。细菌超抗原，尤其是葡萄球菌肠毒素B，也可用作生物武器。超抗原主要由金黄色葡萄球菌和化脓性链球菌产生。前者甚至可以存在于被称为携带者的健康个体（特别是鼻道）中。尽管细菌超抗原具有巨大的临床重要性，但我们对细菌超抗原免疫生物学的理解仍存在重大知识差距。这很大程度上归因于缺乏能够重现人类疾病的合适动物模型，因为细菌超抗原无法与非人类 MHC II 类分子有效相互作用。小鼠中人类 MHC II 类分子（细菌超抗原的高亲和力配体）的转基因表达显着增强了它们对细菌超抗原的免疫反应，并使 HLA II 类转基因小鼠易受超抗原介导的病理（包括中毒性休克）的影响。这些方便的小鼠模型的可用性使我们能够更好地了解细菌超抗原的病理学。我们已经开发了许多 HLA II 类转基因小鼠品系，并在这些小鼠中引入了许多具有免疫学意义的遗传操作。利用这些强大的人源化小鼠模型，我们计划：（1）描绘细菌超抗原诱导的急性临床综合征的发病机制；（2）剖析免疫系统各组成部分在细菌超抗原诱发的急性临床综合征发病机制中的作用； (3) 评估葡萄球菌超抗原在某些呼吸系统炎症性疾病发病机制中的作用。超抗原是细菌毒素，对人体危害极大；极少量就足以引起严重的疾病。由于超级抗原无法在常用的实验小鼠中诱发疾病，因此我们开发了表达人类分子的新小鼠品系。这些小鼠与人类一样患有超抗原诱导的疾病，可有效用于了解与细菌超抗原相关的疾病过程并开发新的药物和疫苗。