Reactive Oxygen Species American Society of Nephrology Fall 2007

活性氧 美国肾脏病学会 2007 年秋季

• 批准号: 7407302
• 负责人: THOMAS L PALLONE
• 金额: $ 1万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-10-31 至 2008-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7407302
• 关键词: Aging; American; Apoptosis; Area; Ascorbic Acid; Atherosclerosis; Biological; Biology; Biomedical Research; Cells; Communities; Complex; Consumption; Detection; Enzymes; Fibrosis; Free Radical Scavenging; Free Radicals; Future; Generations; Goals; Hydrogen Peroxide; Hydroxyl Radical; Hypertension; Hypochlorous Acid; Hypochlorous Acids; Inflammation; Kidney Diseases; Life; Lipids; Methods; Molecular Biology; NADPH Oxidase; Nephrology; Nitric Oxide; Nucleic Acids; Numbers; Oxygen; Plague; Protein Isoforms; Proteins; Reactive Oxygen Species; Research; Research Personnel; Role; Scientist; Signal Transduction; Societies; Specificity; Superoxide Dismutase; Superoxides; Translating; catalase; chemical reaction; day; design; falls; interest; macromolecule; symposium

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Particularly throughout the last decade, Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and the biology of free radicals have attracted great interest in the biomedical research community. This has led to an exponential increase in the number of studies focused on their role in cellular defense, cell signaling, apoptosis, aging, hypertension, atherosclerosis, oxygen sensing, inflammation and fibrosis. This area of research is particularly difficult because various ROS such as superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, hypochlorous acid, hydroxyl radical and nitric oxide are short lived molecules that react with proteins, lipids, nucleic acids and one another. This occurs within cellular microdomains through complex chemical reactions. Particularly difficult issues present themselves to investigators because methods for detection of ROS are plagued with problems of poor specificity. The molecular biology is also complex because cells have evolved much machinery dedicated to generation, conversion and consumption of ROS. These macromolecules include multiple isoforms of NADPH oxidases, superoxide dismutases, catalase and hemoxygenase. Furthermore, exogenous substances such as Vitamin C and D can act in concert with those cellular enzymes to scavenge free radicals. This conference has been designed to bring together world experts to provide talks that logically progress from definition of ROS to their detection, cellular machinery and various biological roles. Our general goal is to provide partial support for young scientists attending the juxtaposed American Society of Nephrology meeting to also attend this two day conference. Attendance of young scientists insures that the information will be translated into future studies that elucidate the role of ROS in kidney diseases and treatment thereof.

描述（由申请人提供）：尤其是在过去十年中，活性氧（ROS）和自由基的生物学引起了生物医学研究界的极大兴趣。这导致研究的数量呈指数增加，该研究的数量集中在其在细胞防御，细胞信号，凋亡，衰老，高血压，动脉粥样硬化，氧气感应，炎症和纤维化中的作用。这一研究区域特别困难，因为各种ROS，例如超氧化物，过氧化氢，次氯酸，羟基自由基和一氧化氮是短的生物分子，它们与蛋白质，脂质，核酸和彼此反应。这是通过复杂的化学反应发生在细胞微区内的。特别困难的问题是研究人员，因为发现ROS的方法困扰着特异性较差的问题。分子生物学也很复杂，因为细胞已经进化了许多专用于ROS的发电，转化和消耗的机械。这些大分子包括多种NADPH氧化酶，超氧化物歧化酶，过氧化氢酶和血氧酶的多种同工型。此外，诸如维生素C和D之类的外源物质可以与这些细胞酶一起起作用，以清除自由基。该会议旨在将世界专家汇集在一起​​，以提供从逻辑上从ROS的定义到其检测，蜂窝机械和各种生物学角色的演讲。我们的一般目标是为参加美国肾脏病学会会议并入这两天的会议的年轻科学家提供部分支持。年轻科学家的出席性确保信息将转化为未来的研究，以阐明ROS在肾脏疾病及其治疗中的作用。