Juxtacellular Characterization of V1 Neurons

V1 神经元的细胞旁特征

基本信息

批准号：
7315019
负责人：
MICHAEL J HAWKEN
金额：
$ 36.96万
依托单位：
NEW YORK UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2007
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2007-08-01 至 2012-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7315019
关键词：
Action Potentials Amblyopia Architecture Area Behavior Binding Cell division Cells Cerebral cortex Characteristics Class Color Disease Epilepsy Fire - disasters Frequencies Goals Hand Individual Knowledge Label Lateral Geniculate Body Link M cell Methods Modeling Monitor Monkeys Morphology Motion Neurons Neurosciences Pathway interactions Pattern Play Population Property Range Research Role Schizophrenia Signal Transduction Space Perception Structure Structure-Activity Relationship Synapses Techniques Testing Thinking Tracer V1 neuron Vision area striata base excitatory neuron extracellular extrastriate visual cortex hippocampal pyramidal neuron inhibitory neuron magnocellular network models parvocellular receptive field reconstruction size visual stimulus

Action Potentials Amblyopia Architecture Area Behavior Binding Cell division Cells Cerebral cortex Characteristics Class Color Disease Epilepsy Fire - disasters Frequencies Goals Hand Individual Knowledge Label Lateral Geniculate Body Link M cell Methods Modeling Monitor Monkeys Morphology Motion Neurons Neurosciences Pathway interactions Pattern Play Population Property Range Research Role Schizophrenia Signal Transduction Space Perception Structure Structure-Activity Relationship Synapses Techniques Testing Thinking Tracer V1 neuron Vision area striata base excitatory neuron extracellular extrastriate visual cortex hippocampal pyramidal neuron inhibitory neuron magnocellular network models parvocellular receptive field reconstruction size visual stimulus

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项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Understanding how the circuits of the cortex are organized and how they function is a central goal of neuroscience. We have been studying the primary visual cortex, V1, in order to understand its role in vision and also because V1 is one of the best understood regions of the cerebral cortex. On one hand we often have detailed knowledge of the receptive field properties of neurons determined from neuronal firing in V1, to an array of visual stimuli, obtained from extracellular recording. On the other hand from anatomical studies we know about the intricate neuronal architecture and patterns of synaptic connections both within V1 and between V1 and extrastriate cortex. Our proposal aims to bridge the gap between the structure of neurons in circuits in monkey primary visual cortex and their receptive field properties. We use a method called loose-patch juxtacellular recording to monitor extracellular action potentials, that enables us to functionally characterize the RF of the neurons, and then we label same neuron with a tracer molecule and subsequently recover and reconstruct the three dimensional dendritic and axonal arbors of the labeled neurons. Layer 4a, the main target of the magnocellular afferents from the lateral geniculate nucleus, provides input to layer 4b. Both layers have a variety of neurons with distinct morphologies. There is also a range of receptive field properties in the two layers. Our first aim is to characterize the excitatory neurons in layers 4ca and 4b. We will test the hypothesis that there are distinct functional characteristics that associate with distinct morphological types. Among the pyramidal neurons of layer 6 there are distinct classes of neurons based on their pattern of intra-cortical axonal arborization. The axonal patterns are linked to the (vi- and P-cell divisions of layer 4. We will use functional tests that allow us to determine whether labeled neurons are dominated by magnocellular or parvocellular input in addition to tuning for orientation, spatial frequency, temporal frequency and size. Our second aim is to test to what degree morphological classes have specific functional labels, how pathway specific information such as motion and color are retained within different cortical circuits and the extent to which summation and surround suppression are represented within the population of identified neurons. Inhibitory neurons are thought to play specific roles in determining the emergent properties of V1 receptive fields such as orientation, direction and size selectivity. The extent or degree of tuning among the excitatory and inhibitory populations is unknown. Our third aim is to characterize inhibitory neurons in the input and infragranular layers of cortex. There are numerous disorders that are a result of structure-function abnormalities in cortical circuits including, amblyopia, epilepsy and schizophrenia. Understanding how the normal circuits operate provides opportunities for understanding neuronal abnormalities.

描述（由申请人提供）：了解皮质的电路如何组织以及它们的功能是神经科学的核心目标。我们一直在研究主要的视觉皮层V1，以了解其在视觉中的作用，也是因为V1是大脑皮层的最佳理解区域之一。一方面，我们经常有详细的了解从V1中的神经元发射确定到从细胞外记录获得的一系列视觉刺激的神经元的接受场特性的详细知识。另一方面，从解剖学研究中，我们了解了V1内以及V1和Astastriate Cortex之间的复杂神经元结构和突触连接的模式。我们的建议旨在弥合猴子主要视觉皮层中电路中神经元结构及其接受场特性之间的差距。我们使用一种称为“松散点折叠记录”的方法来监视细胞外动作电位，使我们能够在功能上表征神经元的RF，然后我们用示踪剂分子标记相同的神经元，然后恢复并重建并重建三维树突状和轴突神经元的神经元。第4A层是横向基因核的大细胞传入的主要目标，它为第4B层提供了输入。两层层都有各种神经元具有不同形态的神经元。这两个层中还有一系列的接受场特性。我们的第一个目的是表征4CA和4B层中的兴奋性神经元。我们将检验以下假设：存在与不同的形态类型相关的独特功能特征。在第6层的金字塔神经元中，有基于皮层内轴突一人抗化的模式，有不同类别的神经元。轴突模式与（第4层的VII和P细胞划分。我们将使用功能测试，使我们能够确定标记的神经元是否由大细胞或偏细胞质输入主导，而除了调整方向，空间频率，时间频率和大小外，我们的第二个目标是在哪些程度上进行了特定的道德信息。在确定的神经元的种群中，循环和周围的抑制作用在抑制性神经元的种群中被认为在确定V1接收场的出现特性中起着特定的作用。皮层。许多疾病是由于结构功能异常的结果，包括弱视，癫痫和精神分裂症。了解正常电路的运行方式为理解神经元异常提供了机会。