Pupillometry and Gaze-Tracking in Unrestrained Monkeys

不受约束的猴子的瞳孔测量和注视跟踪

• 批准号: 6962487
• 负责人: MICHAEL R WEED
• 金额: $ 15.16万
• 依托单位: JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-06-01 至 2007-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6962487
• 关键词: Macaca mulatta; baboons; diazepam; drug abuse; memory disorders; morphine; neurotoxicology; pupillary reflex; pupillography; smooth pursuit eye movement; technology /technique development; visual tracking

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Measures of pupillary and oculomotor function are exquisitely sensitive to modulation of the central nervous system (CNS) by drugs of abuse and CNS pathology in nonhuman primate (NHP) models of human diseases. However, techniques to study pupillary and oculomotor function in NHPs traditionally require invasive procedures including surgical implantation and/or restraint of the animals in specialized chairs. These techniques allow very powerful analyses of the visual system, but limit the number of researchers that can utilize eye-tracking in NHPs. This proposal will combine state-of-the-art, computerized video-based eye-tracking equipment with novel behavioral methods to develop a method for pupillometry and gaze-tracking in NHPs in their home cage. Specific Aim 1 is to develop a system that attaches to a nonhuman primate home cage and allows computer-based video recording of the nonhuman primate eye while the animal is awake and unrestrained. Measures to be recorded include estimates of pupil size and direction of the monkey's gaze. Specific Aim 2 is to develop a procedure for determination of pupillary light reflex. Determination of pupillary light reflex will be validated by measuring the effects of morphine in rhesus monkeys and baboons. Pupillometry will be measured in baboons to test the training methods and equipment in an additional nonhuman primate species. Specific Aim 3 is to develop a system to measure gaze direction while rhesus monkeys perform a visual smooth pursuit task. Sensitivity of the smooth pursuit task will be validated by testing the effects of diazepam on oculomotor performance of rhesus monkeys. Specific Aim 4 is to develop a test of recognition memory based on relative gaze times to two stimuli, the Visual Paired Comparisons test in rhesus monkeys. Administration of diazepam will test for the sensitivity of the paradigm to the amnesic effects of benzodiazepines. Measures of pupillary dilation will be included to address whether dilation due to cognitive load is evident in this paradigm. Home cage procedures will enable more researchers to eye-tracking techniques and reduce the technical difficulty of doing so. Home cage procedures will also reduce the stress to the NHP subjects inherent in restraint-based methods. The techniques presented here will be most attractive to non-traditional users of eye-based measures such as pharmacologists, neurotoxicologists and behavioral psychologists.

描述（由申请人提供）：在人类疾病的非人类灵长类动物（NHP）模型中，瞳孔和动眼神经功能的测量对于滥用药物和中枢神经系统病理学对中枢神经系统（CNS）的调节非常敏感。然而，研究 NHP 瞳孔和动眼功能的技术传统上需要侵入性操作，包括手术植入和/或将动物限制在专门的椅子上。这些技术可以对视觉系统进行非常强大的分析，但限制了可以在 NHP 中利用眼球追踪的研究人员数量。该提案将把最先进的、基于计算机视频的眼球追踪设备与新颖的行为方法相结合，开发一种在 NHP 的笼子中进行瞳孔测量和目光追踪的方法。具体目标 1 是开发一种连接到非人类灵长类动物笼子的系统，并允许在非人类灵长类动物清醒且不受约束时对非人类灵长类动物的眼睛进行视频记录。 要记录的测量包括对瞳孔大小和猴子凝视方向的估计。具体目标 2 是开发一种测定瞳孔对光反射的程序。将通过测量吗啡对恒河猴和狒狒的影响来验证瞳孔对光反射的测定。将对狒狒进行瞳孔测量，以测试其他非人类灵长类动物的训练方法和设备。 具体目标 3 是开发一种系统来测量恒河猴执行视觉平滑追踪任务时的注视方向。将通过测试地西泮对恒河猴动眼神经性能的影响来验证顺利追踪任务的敏感性。具体目标 4 是开发一种基于对两种刺激的相对注视时间的识别记忆测试，即恒河猴的视觉配对比较测试。服用地西泮将测试范式对苯二氮卓类药物遗忘作用的敏感性。 将包括瞳孔扩张的测量，以解决在此范式中由于认知负荷引起的扩张是否明显。家庭笼程序将使更多的研究人员能够使用眼球追踪技术并降低这样做的技术难度。家庭笼程序还将减少 NHP 受试者在基于约束的方法中固有的压力。这里介绍的技术对于药理学家、神经毒理学家和行为心理学家等基于眼睛的测量的非传统用户最具吸引力。