Malaria Parasite Sexual Development and Drug Resistance

疟疾寄生虫的性发育和耐药性

• 批准号: 7196685
• 负责人: Xinzhuan Su
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7196685
• 关键词: Plasmodium; Plasmodium falciparum; antibody; biochemical evolution; communicable disease control; communicable disease transmission; developmental genetics; drug resistance; gene expression; genetic polymorphism; genetic regulation; immunotherapy; malaria; malaria vaccines; microarray technology; microorganism culture; microorganism growth; nonhuman therapy evaluation; nucleic acid sequence; population genetics; protozoal genetics; reproductive development; single nucleotide polymorphism; vaccine development

The Malaria Genomic Unit uses the malaria parasite genome databases and develops new resources to study the mechanism of drug resistance, gene regulation during parasite sexual development, and parasite population diversity and evolution. Building on progress made last year, we have now collected single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from genes (~5000) on all of the 14 chromosomes of Plasmodium falciparum. We are currently working to develop a platform that will allow us to genotype large number of SNPs. We also have an IRB protocol approved for collecting parasites from field sites in Cambodia. To study chromosomal haplotypes, population structures, and recombination rate variation, we genotyped 183 SNPs on chromosome 3 from 99 worldwide isolates. We found that recombination rate varied greatly among parasite populations and across chromosome 3. We have also finished sequencing the mitochondrial genome from 176 P. vivax isolates and 5 other primate malaria species. Our data support the hypothesis of host switches and origin of P. vivax from Asian monkeys. Another major effort of our laboratory is to study gene expression and regulation associated with the parasite sexual differentiation. We have identified a gene that may play a key role in gametocyte development using microarray and genetic mapping. Phenotypic changes are being evaluated after genetic knockout of the target gene. We are currently studying the function of the gene. Monoclonal antibodies against gametocyte were produced, and the target proteins recognized by the antibodies are being identified. The potential of the antibodies in blocking transmission are also being tested.

疟疾基因组单元使用疟疾寄生虫基因组数据库，并开发了新的资源来研究耐药性，寄生虫性发育过程中的基因调控以及寄生虫种群多样性和进化。在去年取得的进展的基础上，我们现在从基因（〜5000）的所有14个染色体的恶性疟原虫中收集了单核苷酸多态性（SNP）。 我们目前正在努力开发一个平台，该平台将使我们能够基于大量的SNP。我们还批准了一个IRB协议，用于从柬埔寨的现场收集寄生虫。 为了研究染色体单倍型，种群结构和重组率变化，我们在99个全球分离株的3染色体上基因分型在3染色体上进行了基因分型。我们发现，在寄生虫种群和跨染色体3中，重组率差异很大。我们还完成了从176 P. Vivax分离株和其他5种灵长类动物疟疾物种的线粒体基因组完成测序。我们的数据支持亚洲猴子的Vivax的主机开关和起源的假设。 我们实验室的另一个主要努力是研究与寄生虫性分化相关的基因表达和调节。我们已经确定了一个基因，该基因可能使用微阵列和遗传映射在配子细胞开发中起关键作用。靶基因的遗传基因敲除之后，正在评估表型变化。我们目前正在研究该基因的功能。产生了针对配子细胞的单克隆抗体，并鉴定出抗体识别的靶蛋白。抗体在阻塞传输方面的潜力也正在测试中。