Evaluation of Optical Imaging for Seizure Localization

癫痫定位光学成像评估

• 批准号: 6859428
• 负责人: MICHAEL M. HAGLUND
• 金额: $ 17.81万
• 依托单位: DUKE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2004-04-01 至 2007-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6859428
• 关键词: Macaca; bioimaging /biomedical imaging; brain electrical activity; brain imaging /visualization /scanning; electroencephalography; epilepsy; microelectrodes; neocortex; neurosurgery; optical tomography; optics; spectrometry; surgery material /equipment; technology /technique development

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of this project is to study the accuracy of optical imaging for the localization of epileptogenic tissue in a primate model of neocortical epilepsy. Approximately 2 million people in the United States have epilepsy, and 20-30% of this population is refractory to all medical treatments. The only viable treatment for patients suffering from intractable epilepsy is surgical resection of the epileptogenic tissue. The surgical outcomes of patients suffering from neocortical epilepsy are only half as good as the surgical outcomes from resections of mesial temporal sclerosis. The main difficulty in the treatment of neocortical epilepsy is that current technology has limited accuracy in mapping neocortical epileptogenic tissue. It is precisely this problem -increasing the accuracy of the localization of epileptogenic tissue in neocortex - that this proposed research aims to solve. To address this problem, we will compare the accuracy of a new optical imaging method to the current clinical 'gold standard' of surface electrode grid array recordings. It is known that the optical spectroscopic properties of brain tissue are correlated with changes in neuronal activity. The method of mapping these activity-evoked optical changes is known as 'imaging of intrinsic optical signals' (IIOS). Activity-evoked optical changes measured in neocortex are most likely generated by changes in cerebral hemodynamics (i.e. changes in blood oxygenation and blood volume). Our experimental approach will be to acquire high resolution IIOS maps of epileptiform activity in an acute primate model of epilepsy, and to carefully compare the accuracy of IIOS maps to the current 'gold standard' -- recordings from surface electrode arrays. Our specific aims are to i) Determine the accuracy of optical spectroscopy for localizing neocortical neuronal populations involved in the generation and spread epileptogenic activity, and ii) Compare the accuracy of optical spectroscopic mapping to the 'gold standard' electrode grid arrays to guide the surgical resection of epileptic tissue.

描述（由申请人提供）：该项目的目标是研究光学成像在灵长类新皮质癫痫模型中定位致癫痫组织的准确性。 在美国大约有 200 万人患有癫痫症，其中 20-30% 的人对所有药物治疗都无效。 对于患有顽固性癫痫的患者来说，唯一可行的治疗方法是手术切除致癫痫组织。 患有新皮质癫痫的患者的手术结果只有内侧颞叶硬化症切除手术结果的一半。 新皮质癫痫治疗的主要困难在于，目前的技术在绘制新皮质致癫痫组织图谱方面的准确性有限。 这项研究旨在解决的正是这个问题——提高新皮质中致癫痫组织定位的准确性。 为了解决这个问题，我们将比较一种新的光学成像方法与当前表面电极网格阵列记录的临床“黄金标准”的准确性。 众所周知，脑组织的光学光谱特性与神经元活动的变化相关。 绘制这些活动引起的光学变化的方法被称为“内在光学信号成像”（IIOS）。 在新皮质中测量到的活动诱发的光学变化很可能是由脑血流动力学的变化（即血氧和血容量的变化）产生的。 我们的实验方法将是获取急性灵长类癫痫模型中癫痫样活动的高分辨率 IIOS 图，并仔细比较 IIOS 图与当前“金标准”（表面电极阵列记录）的准确性。 我们的具体目标是 i) 确定光谱学的准确性，以定位参与癫痫活动产生和传播的新皮质神经元群，以及 ii) 将光学光谱映射与“金标准”电极网格阵列的准确性进行比较，以指导手术切除癫痫组织。