Culture, Risk Factors and Completed Suicide: A PA Study

文化、危险因素和自杀完成：一项 PA 研究

• 批准号: 6923218
• 负责人: JIE ZHANG
• 金额: $ 25.91万
• 依托单位: BUFFALO STATE COLLEGE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-03-01 至 2009-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6923218
• 关键词: China; Chinese; clinical research; culture; disease /disorder proneness /risk; female; human subject; interview; patient oriented research; religion; rural area; rural health; suicide; young adult human (21-34)

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Suicide by rural Chinese, especially Chinese rural young women, is an urgent focus in suicide research, because of the high suicide rates and the large population in China. Previous research on suicide has focused on individual and epidemiologically defined risk factors, but a fundamental understanding of the suicide process remains elusive. Society and culture play an enormous role in dictating how people respond to and view mental health and suicide. Yet no studies to date have systematically examined the role of cultural factors (e.g. the value systems) that may play in determining risk for suicide. This proposed project is designed to study a cultural model of suicide in China. Confucian values, which are considered to be the cultural foundation of most Asian societies including China, are supposed to explain the high suicide risks for young women and the comparatively lower risks for young men. The deep-rooted Confucian sexism coupled with the communist egalitarianism advocated in China creates frustration or strain in the daily life of some rural young women. The strain resulting from the traditional reality and modern aspiration, interacting with other risk factors, is hypothesized to increase suicide risks for Chinese rural young women. We will use the psychological autopsy (PA) method, previously validated in China with our NIMH R03 grant, in a case-control design to investigate the cultural and other factors of rural young suicides. The subjects will be 200 rural women and 200 rural men aged 15- 34 who have died of suicide, randomly sampled from rural counties selected in Liaoning and Hunan provinces of China. The community living controls are a representative sample of men and women aged 15-34 years from the same counties as the cases. The study has the following three major aims: 1. To examine the impact of cultural factors related to Confucian values and communist ideology on completed suicide in rural China and the role of gender in the relationship. 2. To evaluate the direct effect of risk factors from four domains (personal factors, social structure, negative life events, and psychological/psychiatric factors) on suicide in rural China. 3. To test the moderating or intervening effects of the risk factors on the relationship between strain and completed suicide in rural China. Findings may be generalizable to other Chinese and Asian populations in the United States and elsewhere in the world. The specific theory to be tested in the project (i.e., suicide as a result of psychological strain due to competing values) can be generalized to most other populations in the world.

描述（申请人提供）：由于中国自杀率高且人口众多，中国农村地区尤其是中国农村年轻女性的自杀问题是自杀研究的一个迫切关注的焦点。先前关于自杀的研究主要集中在个人和流行病学定义的危险因素上，但对自杀过程的基本了解仍然难以捉摸。社会和文化在决定人们如何应对和看待心理健康和自杀方面发挥着巨大作用。然而，迄今为止还没有研究系统地研究文化因素（例如价值体系）在决定自杀风险中的作用。 该项目旨在研究中国的自杀文化模式。儒家价值观被认为是包括中国在内的大多数亚洲社会的文化基础，这被认为可以解释年轻女性自杀风险较高而年轻男性自杀风险相对较低的原因。根深蒂固的儒家性别歧视加上中国倡导的共产主义平均主义给一些农村年轻女性的日常生活带来了挫折或压力。据推测，传统现实和现代愿望造成的压力与其他风险因素相互作用，会增加中国农村年轻女性的自杀风险。我们将使用之前通过 NIMH R03 资助在中国验证过的心理尸检 (PA) 方法，通过病例对照设计来调查农村青少年自杀的文化和其他因素。研究对象是从中国辽宁省和湖南省农村县随机抽取的 200 名 15-34 岁自杀死亡的农村妇女和 200 名农村男子。社区生活对照是来自病例所在县的 15-34 岁男性和女性的代表性样本。该研究有以下三个主要目标： 1. 考察与儒家价值观和共产主义意识形态相关的文化因素对中国农村自杀事件的影响以及性别在这种关系中的作用。 2. 评估四个领域的危险因素（个人因素、社会结构、负面生活事件和心理/精神因素）对中国农村自杀的直接影响。 3. 检验中国农村地区危险因素对压力与自杀完成关系的调节或干预作用。 研究结果可能适用于美国和世界其他地方的其他华人和亚洲人群。该项目要测试的具体理论（即，由于价值观竞争而导致心理压力而自杀）可以推广到世界上大多数其他人群。