Polarized Probe for Fiberoptic In-Vivo Spectroscopy

用于光纤体内光谱学的偏振探头

• 批准号: 7053905
• 负责人: RANDAL B CHINNOCK
• 金额: $ 70.86万
• 依托单位: OPTIMUM TECHNOLOGIES, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2003
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2003-07-18 至 2008-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7053905
• 关键词: biopsy; carcinoma; esophagus; histocompatibility typing; neoplasm /cancer; noise; tissues

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Most final diagnoses of cancer today are still made using the same histopathologic techniques that have been in use for the past 50 years. In-vivo optical cancer detection ("optical biopsy") holds tremendous potential as an additional tool for cancer screening, diagnosis and management. Over 15 years of study has shown that optical spectra reveal differences between normal, pre-cancerous, and malignant tissues. This proposal addresses the need for practical, cost-effective, and commercially-viable fiberoptic probes and opto-electronics that can be used to detect a wide variety of cancers in vivo, ex vivo, and in vitro. Principal targets are epithelial carcinomas of the lungs, skin, esophagus, Gl tract, cervix, and bladder. The successful implementation of probes for optical biopsy will allow physicians to perform biopsies at more sites on a screening basis, help guide surgical biopsy for improved sensitivity, and help establish surgical margins when resecting malignant tissues. Results of biopsies taken with these user-friendly probes will be immediate, allowing the practitioner to perform additional measurements if needed, and to minimize patient stress caused by delayed results. Once optical biopsies are proven clinically, they may eventually replace excisional biopsies and eliminate laboratory errors. Screening rates should go up, and cancer diagnosis and treatment costs down. More than half of the 2 million cancer cases in the US each year involve carcinomas accessible to fiberoptic probes. If the probes can be shown to work in mixed tissue types as well as epithelial tissues, needle mediated probes may also detect cancers percutaneously, for indications such as breast lumps and prostate lesions. The proposed probes use Polarized Elastic Scattering Spectroscopy (PESS) to measure differences in cellular microstructure that indicate pre-malignant or malignant growth. The technique uses low level visible light that is safe, non-ionizing, non-invasive, and painless. In Phase I, probes were developed that incorporated polarized detection. In comparison to non-polarized versions, in testing on tissue phantoms the probes were shown to strongly enhance the measurement of weak signals from a thin "epithelial" layer in the presence of a strong background signal from a "sub-mucosal" layer. In Phase II, the design of the probe system will be refined, probe production methods will be developed, and ex vivo and in vivo studies in the esophagus will be conducted. This proposal is highly symbiotic with grant C54 CA104677 awarded by the Network for Translational Research for Optical Imaging (NTROI) at the National Cancer Institute. The applicant is an industrial partner in the NTROI and is participating in activities under grant C54 CA104677.

描述（由申请人提供）：当今大多数癌症的最终诊断仍然使用过去 50 年来使用的相同组织病理学技术进行。体内光学癌症检测（“光学活检”）作为癌症筛查、诊断和管理的附加工具具有巨大的潜力。超过 15 年的研究表明，光谱揭示了正常组织、癌前组织和恶性组织之间的差异。该提案满足了对实用、经济高效且商业上可行的光纤探针和光电器件的需求，可用于体内、离体和体外检测多种癌症。主要目标是肺、皮肤、食道、胃肠道、子宫颈和膀胱的上皮癌。光学活检探针的成功实施将使医生能够在筛选的基础上在更多部位进行活检，帮助指导手术活检以提高敏感性，并在切除恶性组织时帮助确定手术切缘。使用这些用户友好的探头进行的活检结果将立即得到，允许医生在需要时进行额外的测量，并最大限度地减少因延迟结果而造成的患者压力。一旦光学活检在临床上得到证实，它们最终可能会取代切除活检并消除实验室错误。筛查率应该提高，癌症诊断和治疗成本应该下降。美国每年 200 万癌症病例中，超过一半涉及光纤探头可触及的癌症。如果探针可以在混合组织类型以及上皮组织中发挥作用，那么针介导的探针也可以经皮检测癌症，以检测乳房肿块和前列腺病变等迹象。所提出的探针使用偏振弹性散射光谱（PESS）来测量表明癌前或恶性生长的细胞微观结构的差异。该技术使用低强度可见光，安全、非电离、非侵入性且无痛。在第一阶段，开发了结合偏振检测的探针。与非偏振版本相比，在组织模型测试中，在存在来自“粘膜下”层的强背景信号的情况下，探针显示出强烈增强对来自薄“上皮”层的弱信号的测量。在第二阶段，将完善探针系统的设计，开发探针生产方法，并进行食道的离体和体内研究。该提案与美国国家癌症研究所光学成像转化研究网络 (NTROI) 授予的 C54 CA104677 拨款高度共生。申请人是 NTROI 的工业合作伙伴，正在参与拨款 C54 CA104677 下的活动。