Computer Modeling/Etiological Study of Acute Injury Risk

急性损伤风险的计算机建模/病因学研究

• 批准号: 7062234
• 负责人: TIMOTHY C OVAERT
• 金额: $ 34.72万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF NOTRE DAME
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-08-01 至 2007-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7062234
• 关键词: acute disease /disorder; arthrodesis; biomechanics; bone density; comprehensive medical planning; computational biology; computed axial tomography; computer assisted diagnosis; computer assisted medical decision making; computer assisted patient care; computer program /software; computer simulation; contrast media; disease /disorder proneness /risk; injury prevention; musculoskeletal disorder diagnosis; nanomedicine; nanotechnology; prognosis; spinal fusion; spine injury; substantia spongiosa; three dimensional imaging /topography

Acute injuries to the spine and other extremities constitute both a major health risk as well as a major portion of the total health care costs in the U.S. Reducing the severity and costs of these injuries is therefore important. To address these issues, we propose to study injury biomechanics through development of advanced computer modeling and risk assessment-based etiological methods. The first area of study will develop computational models of spinal fusion in order to determine the relative importance of fusion mass location, fusion mass size, bone density of the fusion, and trabecular bone density within the vertebral body on the load carrying capacity of a lumbar interbody fusion. In the long term, these simulations can be developed into a diagnostic aid for evaluation of interbody fusions, allowing clinicians to quantitatively assess the success of the procedure and to set limits on physical activity in order to prevent re-injury of the spine, particularly for those individuals having active lifestyles. The second area of study will develop a damage-specific contrast agent, with greater x-ray attenuation than bone, for micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) of microdamage. The role of microdamage in osteoporotic fractures is not well understood, in part due to our limited capabilities for measuring microdamage non-destructive. Non-destructive techniques would enable measurement of the spatial density of microdamage accumulation with respect to local variations in mechanical loading, bone mineral density, bone architecture, whole bone geometry, or fracture sites. Consequently, basic scientific understanding of the mechanisms underlying microdamage accumulation, and the concomitant effects on fracture susceptibility, would be significantly advanced. More importantly, the development of non-destructive techniques for detecting microdamage in bone could eventually translate into new in vivo and clinical diagnostic techniques for fracture susceptibility, thus reducing the potential for injury in the elderly. The third area of study proposes developing a nonlinear hybrid cellular automata (HCA) approach for designing automotive structural topologies that are tailored for energy absorbing capability. Two application areas will be investigated: 1. The design of a knee bolster configuration for maximum efficiency; and 2. The design of a sport utility front bumper system for pedestrian safety.

因此，脊柱和其他四肢的急性伤害既构成了主要的健康风险，也是美国医疗保健总成本的主要部分，从而降低了这些伤害的严重程度和成本。为了解决这些问题，我们建议通过开发高级计算机建模和基于风险评估的病因方法来研究伤害生物力学。 研究的第一个领域将开发脊柱融合的计算模型，以确定融合质量位置，融合质量大小，融合的骨密度以及椎体内的小梁骨密度的相对重要性对腰椎室内融合的负载能力。从长远来看，可以将这些模拟发展为评估体内融合的诊断辅助工具，从而使临床医生能够定量评估程序的成功并设定对体育锻炼的限制，以防止脊柱重新受伤，尤其是对于那些具有活跃生活方式的人。 第二个研究区域将开发出比骨相比骨骼更大的损伤特异性对比剂，用于微型造影的微型造影术（Micro-CT）。微塑料在骨质疏松性裂缝中的作用尚未得到充分了解，部分原因是我们测量微型非破坏性的能力有限。非破坏性技术将在机械载荷，骨矿物质密度，骨骼结构，整个骨几何形状或断裂位点的局部变化方面，能够测量微塑料积累的空间密度。因此，将显着提出对微塑料积累的机制以及对断裂易感性的伴随作用的基本科学理解。更重要的是，非破坏性的发展 检测骨骼中微型宏的技术最终可能转化为裂缝易感性的新体内和临床诊断技术，从而降低了老年人的损伤潜力。 研究领域提出了开发非线性杂交细胞自动机（HCA）方法，用于设计用于能量吸收能力的汽车结构拓扑。将研究两个应用区域：1。膝盖辅助配置的设计，以提高效率；和2。用于行人安全的运动实用程序前保险杠系统的设计。