Treatment Effects on Desistance From Youth Violence

治疗对戒除青少年暴力的影响

• 批准号: 7014926
• 负责人: JOHN M MACDONALD
• 金额: $ 23.59万
• 依托单位: RAND CORPORATION
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-09-01 至 2008-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7014926
• 关键词: adolescence (12-20); behavior modification; behavior therapy; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; criminal behavior; data collection methodology /evaluation; developmental psychology; drug abuse; dyadic interaction; family structure /dynamics; interview; longitudinal human study; outcomes research; peer group; public health; social behavior disorders; social psychology; socioenvironment; statistics /biometry; violence; violence prevention; work site; young adult human (21-34)

DESCRIPTION (adapted from applicant's abstract): Youth violence presents a public health challenge of critical importance. There is growing optimism that violence prevention efforts can be effective. The mechanisms, however, whereby treatment and prevention programs exert lasting violence reduction effects are not well understood. In the proposed study, the investigators examine whether an effective treatment encourages desistance by facilitating the kinds of positive life events related to peers, family, workplace, and romantic relationships that have been associated with desistance from violence in populations of serious youthful offenders. The proposed research builds on an ongoing study of drug abuse among serious juvenile offenders and draws on developmental models of criminal behavior to examine the long-term effects of an effective adolescent treatment model on desistance from serious offending and violence. RAND's Adolescent Outcomes Project is an ongoing study of 449 youths referred by Probation to the Phoenix Academy of Los Angeles (PHA; n=175), or to one of six residential group homes (n=274). The sample is representative of youths sent to large residential treatment programs by the Los Angeles Probation Department. Now, as part of a separate NIDA-funded study, survey waves are being conducted 72, 87 and 102 months after the baseline interviews, creating the opportunity to examine transitions to young adulthood when desistance from crime and violence is most likely to occur. The principal aims of the study are to: 1) identify the pathways to desistance from crime and violence as the sample enters young adulthood; 2) identify the psychosocial events during young adulthood that are associated with desistance pathways for this cohort; 3) examine whether any direct effects of treatment on desistance from crime and violence exist; and 4) test if treatment effects on desistance are mediated by treatment effects on key developmental events of young adulthood. This project will be one of the few longitudinal studies of serious youthful offenders to examine desistance during the transition into early adulthood, and the only one to examine the effect of treatment on desistance during this period.

描述（根据申请人的摘要改编）：青年暴力提出了至关重要的公共健康挑战。人们越来越乐观地说，预防暴力可能是有效的。然而，这种机制尚不清楚治疗和预防计划的持久暴力效应。在拟议的研究中，研究人员检查了有效的治疗方法是否通过促进与同龄人，家庭，工作场所和浪漫关系相关的积极生活事件来鼓励停止，这与认真年轻罪犯的暴力人口中的暴力行为有关。拟议的研究是基于对严重少年罪犯的毒品滥用的持续研究，并借鉴了犯罪行为的发展模式，以检查有效的青少年治疗模型对抵抗严重犯罪和暴力的长期影响。兰德的青春期成果项目是一项正在进行的研究，该研究正在进行对洛杉矶凤凰城学院（PHA; n = 175）或六个住宅集团中的一个（n = 274）中的449名青年（n = 274）。该样本是洛杉矶缓刑部门派往大型住院治疗计划的年轻人的代表。现在，作为一项单独的NIDA资助研究的一部分，在基线访谈后的72、87和102个月进行了调查浪潮，在最有可能发生犯罪和暴力的情况下，创造了机会检查向年轻成年的过渡。该研究的主要目的是：1）确定在样本进入成年时阻止犯罪和暴力的途径； 2）确定年轻成年期间与该队列的停止途径相关的社会心理事件； 3）检查是否存在治疗对阻止犯罪和暴力的任何直接影响； 4）测试如果治疗对抑制的影响是通过对年轻成年的关键发育事件的影响介导的。该项目将是为数不多的认真年轻犯罪者进行纵向研究，以检查在成年初期的过渡期间的停职，也是唯一一个研究治疗对阻止性影响的纵向研究。