In-Car Technology to Alert Attention-Imparied Drivers

车载技术可提醒注意力不集中的驾驶员

• 批准号: 7033250
• 负责人: MATTHEW RIZZO
• 金额: $ 49.31万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF IOWA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-05-15 至 2010-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7033250
• 关键词: aging; attention; auditory stimulus; behavior test; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; computer simulation; computer system design /evaluation; cues; decision making; human old age (65+); human subject; injury prevention; nonbiomedical equipment; performance; psychomotor function; safety equipment; technology /technique development; transportation /recreation safety; vehicular accident; vision disorders; visual fields; visual perception; visual stimulus

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The broad goals of this research project are to identify patterns of driving performance and safety errors resulting from age-related impairments in the useful field of view (UFOV), and to develop in-vehicle countermeasures that decrease crash risk and increase safety and mobility. The specific aims are to 1) determine optimal signal parameters for a driver alerting and collision warning device, 2) test the efficacy of the device in improving driver reactions in challenging situations in a high- fidelity driving simulator and on-road in an instrumented vehicle (IV); 3) characterize on-road driving performance, and search behavior and compensatory strategies, in at-risk drivers with UFOV impairments and comparison subjects operating an IV; 4) assess the effects of the safety intervention in at-risk drivers and comparison subjects on the road in the IV; and 5) estimate the benefits of the proposed safety interventions across the U.S. in terms of crashes averted. The research addresses these aims by testing 150 driver's ages 65 to 85 years, including 75 drivers with UFOV impairment and 75 comparison drivers without impairment. The groups will be randomized so than two-thirds receive the intervention and one-third act as controls. The experiments utilize a high-fidelity driving simulator, a state-of-the art instrumented vehicle, and sophisticated cognitive testing tools to systematically address driver impairments with in-vehicle solutions that improve a driver's ability to monitor information, allocate attention, and make accurate and timely decisions. The research team members are experts in human factors engineering, neurology, biostatistics, computer graphics, and cognitive science. As an outcome of these studies, we expect to (1) make recommendations on promising collision warning devices for at-risk drivers with UFOV loss, (2) develop basic information on real-world driving strategies in people at risk for collisions, (3) understand the efficacy of basic warning signal parameters and how they differ in cognitively impaired and normal drivers, (4) develop tools for possible clinical trials in drivers who have a variety of medical impairments. The results may be used to design safer automobiles that use new strategies and technologies for collision warning, perceptual augmentation, and attention management.

描述（由申请人提供）：该研究项目的总体目标是识别由于有用视野（UFOV）中与年龄相关的损伤而导致的驾驶表现和安全错误的模式，并开发减少碰撞的车载对策风险并提高安全性和机动性。具体目标是 1) 确定驾驶员警报和碰撞警告装置的最佳信号参数，2) 测试该装置在高保真驾驶模拟器和仪表车辆在道路上的挑战性情况下改善驾驶员反应的功效（四）； 3) 描述具有 UFOV 损伤的高风险驾驶员和操作 IV 的比较对象的道路驾驶表现、搜索行为和补偿策略； 4）评估IV中道路上的高风险驾驶员和比较对象的安全干预效果； 5) 估计全美范围内拟议的安全干预措施在避免事故方面的效益。该研究通过测试 150 名年龄在 65 至 85 岁的驾驶员来实现这些目标，其中包括 75 名有 UFOV 损伤的驾驶员和 75 名没有损伤的对照驾驶员。这些小组将被随机分配，以便三分之二以上的人接受干预，三分之一的人作为对照组。这些实验利用高保真驾驶模拟器、最先进的仪表车辆和先进的认知测试工具，通过车载解决方案系统地解决驾驶员的障碍，提高驾驶员监控信息、分配注意力和准确判断驾驶情况的能力。并及时做出决定。研究团队成员是人因工程、神经学、生物统计学、计算机图形学和认知科学方面的专家。作为这些研究的结果，我们期望 (1) 为 UFOV 丢失的高危驾驶员提供有前途的碰撞警告装置建议，(2) 为有碰撞风险的人开发有关现实世界驾驶策略的基本信息，(3 ）了解基本警告信号参数的功效以及它们在认知障碍和正常驾驶员中的差异，（4）开发工具，以便对患有各种医学障碍的驾驶员进行可能的临床试验。研究结果可用于设计更安全的汽车，这些汽车使用新的策略和技术进行碰撞警告、感知增强和注意力管理。