Making Better Decisions: Policy Modeling-AIDS/Drug Abuse

做出更好的决策：政策建模 - 艾滋病/药物滥用

• 批准号: 7084434
• 负责人: DOUGLAS K OWENS
• 金额: $ 55.22万
• 依托单位: STANFORD UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-09-25 至 2007-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7084434
• 关键词: AIDS education /prevention; AIDS therapy; alcoholism /alcohol abuse prevention; alcoholism /alcohol abuse therapy; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; cost effectiveness; decision making; drug abuse prevention; drug abuse therapy; health care model; health care policy; health services research tag; human data; outcomes research

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This proposal is motivated by the recent report of the Institute of Medicine's Committee on HIV Prevention Strategy in the United States, which advocates the use of evaluation and cost-effectiveness frameworks for resource allocation decisions. This project aims to promote reasoned planning and policy making in the realm of HIV and substance abuse prevention via the development of mathematical and economic models. To achieve this goal, the investigators propose the following specific aims: 1. To construct production functions that characterize the relationship between expenditures to modify risk behaviors and empirically observed changes in those behaviors. 2. To develop model-based methods of translating the behavioral impact of HIV-related interventions into epidemiologically meaningful outcome measures. 3. To assess how best to estimate health outcomes, economic outcomes, and cost-effectiveness of HIV intervention programs. 4. To assess the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of specific interventions aimed at slowing the spread of HIV and drug abuse, including substance abuse treatment programs, strategies to reduce the spread of resistant HIV, and HIV counseling, testing, and referral. 5. To guide prevention strategy and the allocation of societal resources by examining the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of portfolios of interventions. This includes assessing the appropriateness of epidemiologically targeted versus general HIV prevention programs, as well as analyzing other national and international HIV prevention strategies. 6. To examine the relationship between policy modeling and public health decision making in the areas of HIV and substance abuse. The proposed research will advance the state-of-the art in HIV planning and policy modeling, critically evaluate promising interventions, and help provide the scientific foundation for allocation of scarce resources to portfolios of HIV and substance abuse prevention interventions.

描述（由申请人提供）：该提案的动机是美国医学研究所艾滋病毒预防战略委员会最近的报告，该报告提倡使用评估和成本效益框架来进行资源分配决策。该项目旨在通过开发数学和经济模型，促进艾滋病毒和药物滥用预防领域的合理规划和政策制定。为了实现这一目标，研究人员提出了以下具体目标： 1. 构建生产函数来描述改变风险行为的支出与凭经验观察到的这些行为的变化之间的关系。 2. 开发基于模型的方法，将艾滋病毒相关干预措施的行为影响转化为具有流行病学意义的结果措施。 3. 评估如何最好地估计艾滋病毒干预计划的健康结果、经济结果和成本效益。 4. 评估旨在减缓艾滋病毒传播和药物滥用的具体干预措施的有效性和成本效益，包括药物滥用治疗计划、减少耐药性艾滋病毒传播的策略以及艾滋病毒咨询、检测和转诊。 5. 通过审查干预措施组合的有效性和成本效益来指导预防战略和社会资源的分配。这包括评估流行病学目标与一般艾滋病毒预防计划的适当性，以及分析其他国家和国际艾滋病毒预防战略。 6. 研究艾滋病毒和药物滥用领域的政策建模与公共卫生决策之间的关系。拟议的研究将推进艾滋病毒规划和政策建模的最先进水平，批判性地评估有前途的干预措施，并帮助为艾滋病毒和药物滥用预防干预措施组合分配稀缺资源提供科学基础。