Mechanism for Producing Complex Sounds

产生复杂声音的机制

• 批准号: 7095941
• 负责人: FRANZ GOLLER
• 金额: $ 27.08万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF UTAH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-07-15 至 2009-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7095941
• 关键词: animal communication behavior; auditory feedback; behavioral /social science research tag; biological models; bronchomotion; electromyography; electrophysiology; larynx muscle; mathematical model; muscle function; neural information processing; neuroregulation; peripheral nervous system; physiology; respiratory airflow measurement; sensorimotor system; songbirds; sound; trachea; vocal cords; vocalization

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of our proposed research is to understand the mechanisms involved in the generation of complex sounds, which can be found in the songs of many birds, and to unveil the role of the peripheral system in this process. As an initial step, the physiological parameters (electromyograms of syringeal muscles, tracheal and bronchial airflow data) will be described for the full range of acoustic characteristics in the songs of three species, zebra finch, brown-headed cowbird and European starling. Based on these data, models of sound generation in the avian vocal organ, the syrinx, will be developed and experimentally tested in order to elucidate the physical processes underlying this acoustic versatility. Following this integrated approach, the focus will be on nontrivial acoustic features, which are present in the songs of the selected species. Electromyographic recordings of syringeal muscles in these birds will reveal the degree to which neural instructions can account for the generation of complex sounds. We will test the hypotheses that complex sounds arise from acoustic interaction between the two sound sources of the syrinx and from feedback pressure onto labial vibration by a combination of modeling and experimental tests. The proposed research is a comprehensive integrative approach to illuminate the peripheral physical mechanisms of birdsong production. The results will inform about the degree to which the peripheral system can give rise to complex acoustic behavior without parallel complexity in the neural control. This research will provide valuable insight into the link between neural control, peripheral interactions and learned vocal behavior in birds and, therefore, explore issues that are also of significance for our understanding of human speech production and motor control.

描述（由申请人提供）：我们拟议的研究的目的是了解复杂声音产生的机制，这可以在许多鸟类的歌曲中找到，并揭示外围系统在此过程中的作用。作为第一步，将描述生理参数（注射肌肉的肌电图，气管和支气管气流数据）在三种歌曲中的全部声学特征，斑马雀，棕色 - 棕色牛鸟和欧洲饥饿的歌曲中的全部范围。基于这些数据，将开发和实验测试中的鸟类声音器官Syrinx中的声音生成模型，以阐明这种声学多功能性的物理过程。遵循这种综合方法，重点将放在选定物种歌曲中存在的非平凡声学特征上。这些鸟类中肌肉肌肉的肌电记录将揭示神经指示可以解释复杂声音的程度。我们将测试由Syrinx的两个声源之间的声音相互作用以及通过建模和实验测试的组合对唇部振动的反馈压力引起的复杂声音的假设。拟议的研究是一种综合综合方法，以阐明鸟鸣产量的外围物理机制。结果将告知外围系统可以导致复杂的声学行为，而神经控制中没有平行的复杂性。这项研究将为鸟类的神经控制，周围相互作用和学到的声音行为之间的联系提供宝贵的见解，因此，探讨了对我们对人类言语生产和运动控制的理解也具有重要意义的问题。