A Dual Energy X-Ray Detector for Digital Mammography

用于数字乳腺 X 线摄影的双能 X 射线探测器

• 批准号: 6886358
• 负责人: Tumay O Tumer
• 金额: $ 10万
• 依托单位: NOVA R AND D, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-09-01 至 2007-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6886358
• 关键词: bioengineering /biomedical engineering; bioimaging /biomedical imaging; biomedical equipment development; breast neoplasms; computer assisted diagnosis; computer simulation; diagnosis design /evaluation; diagnosis quality /standard; digital imaging; image enhancement; mammography; microprocessor /microchip; patient safety /medical error; women' s health; zinc

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): We propose to develop a dual energy x-ray detector that will allow us to move towards an ideal digital radiography system for mammography. In our approach, we propose to implement a novel technology where the incoming x-ray photons are energy-separated. Compared to presently available dual energy radiography units, which use either filter-attenuated signals or consecutive high and low-energy exposures, our system will offer greater potential in detecting micro-calcifications as well as injected contrast agents without the disadvantages of present systems. It will also have high x-ray conversion efficiency, high limiting resolution, ultra-low noise, linear response and high dynamic range. A radiography system with such specifications offers the possibility not only of replacing x-ray films, but also improving image quality as well as providing opportunities for advanced breast imaging studies. It can also facilitate medical image management, computer-aided diagnosis and tele-mammography. Our approach consists of developing a high-resolution detector. The incoming x-rays are detected inside high spatial and energy resolution detectors. The signal is input into each channel of a custom designed readout integrated circuit (1C). Each signal is then amplified, integrated and recorded. The processed signal is processed and reconstructed into a two-dimensional image. Finally the image is displayed on a high resolution monitor. During Phase I, we will explore the feasibility of this novel concept mainly through computer simulations and discrete component testing of the critical circuits. At the end of Phase I the feasibility will be demonstrated and a preliminary design of proposed detector system will be ready. During Phase II we plan to design, fabricate and test a new custom 1C readout chip and incorporate it with a suitable detector. The new detector system's imaging capability and performance will be determined and characterized. We also plan to fabricate a small prototype detector arm to make larger area images to demonstrate the capability of the new dual energy detectors using mammography phantoms and excised tissue samples. During Phase III we will seek funding for clinical trials with our collaboration partners and demonstrate our prototype dual energy mammography system to potential Phase III commercialization partners. We expect that our system will achieve significant improvements in both sensitivity and specificity in the detection of breast cancer. We thus anticipate that it will reduce both false negative and false positive results in breast cancer screening and eventually lead to saving more lives and reducing unnecessary trauma to patients.

描述（由申请人提供）： 我们建议开发双能X射线探测器，这将使我们能够朝着理想的数字X线摄影系统迈向乳房X线摄影。在我们的方法中，我们建议实施一种新型技术，其中传入的X射线光子是能量分离的。与目前可用的双能射线照相单元相比，使用过滤器降生的信号或连续的高能量暴露，我们的系统将在检测微钙化以及注射的对比度的情况下提供更大的潜力，而没有当前系统的缺点。它还将具有高X射线转换效率，高限制分辨率，超低噪声，线性响应和高动态范围。具有此类规格的X射线照相系统不仅可以替代X射线膜，还提供了改善图像质量以及为高级乳房成像研究提供机会。它还可以促进医学图像管理，计算机辅助诊断和X线摄影。 我们的方法包括开发高分辨率检测器。在高空间和能量分辨率探测器内检测到传入的X射线。信号输入到定制设计的读数集成电路（1C）的每个通道中。然后将每个信号放大，集成和记录。处理后的信号被处理并重建为二维图像。最后，图像显示在高分辨率监视器上。 在第一阶段，我们将主要通过计算机模拟和关键电路的离散组件测试来探索这种新颖概念的可行性。在第一阶段结束时，将证明可行性，并准备好拟议的检测器系统的初步设计。在第二阶段，我们计划设计，制造和测试新的自定义1C读数芯片，并将其与合适的检测器合并。新的检测器系统的成像功能和性能将被确定和表征。我们还计划制造一个小型原型检测器臂，以制作较大的面积图像，以使用乳房X线摄影幻象和切除的组织样品来证明新的双能检测器的能力。在第三阶段，我们将寻求与我们的协作伙伴进行临床试验的资金，并向潜在的III期商业化伙伴展示我们的原型双能X线摄影系统。 我们预计我们的系统将在检测乳腺癌的敏感性和特异性方面取得显着提高。因此，我们预计它将减少乳腺癌筛查中的假阴性和假阳性结果，并最终导致挽救更多的生命并减少对患者的不必要的创伤。