Development of Self-Monitoring in Early Childhood

幼儿期自我监控的发展

• 批准号: 7053368
• 负责人: JENNIFER N MARTIN MCDERMOTT
• 金额: $ 3.39万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF MARYLAND, COLLEGE PARK
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2005-06-01 至 2007-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7053368
• 关键词: age difference; behavior test; behavioral /social science research tag; brain electrical activity; child behavior; child psychology; clinical research; cognition; developmental neurobiology; early experience; emotions; human subject; locus of control; middle childhood (6-11); neuroanatomy; performance; personality; predoctoral investigator; prefrontal lobe /cortex; preschool child (1-5); psychophysiology; social behavior

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Self-regulation skills develop during childhood and are crucial for successful regulation of cognitive, affective, and social behavior throughout the lifespan. The proposed study will examine the performance of children between 4 and 8 years of age during a set of tasks aimed specifically at exploring the self-regulation component of behavior monitoring. Research indicates that performance differences between younger and older children on self-regulation tasks may be due to 1) age related changes related primarily to cognition, or 2) enhanced utilization of performance strategy. Differentiation between these two hypotheses will be examined by linking behavioral assessment of task performance to physiological measurements of active cognitive processes underlying a child's self-monitoring of behavior. Additional factors, including the role of feedback and individual differences in emotionality, will also be examined to ascertain how these variables influence the expression of self-monitoring across early childhood. We hypothesize that children's self monitoring skills will increase both as a function of age and as a result of temperamental correlates. Specifically, we predict that children who exhibit stronger physiological responses to inaccurate behavioral performance, regardless of age, will also demonstrate temperamental characteristics associated with low inhibitory control (impulsivity) and higher negative affect.

描述（由申请人提供）：自我调节技能在儿童时期发展，对于成功调节整个生命周期的认知，情感和社会行为至关重要。拟议的研究将检查一组专门探讨行为监测的自我调节成分的任务期间4至8岁儿童的表现。研究表明，在自我调节任务上，年轻儿童和年龄较大的孩子之间的绩效差异可能是由于1）与认知相关的年龄相关变化，或者2）增强了绩效策略的利用。通过将任务绩效的行为评估与儿童自我监测行为自我监测的主动认知过程的生理测量相关联，将检查这两个假设之间的区别。还将检查其他因素，包括反馈的作用和情绪上的个体差异，以确定这些变量如何影响整个幼儿期自我监控的表达。我们假设儿童的自我监测能力将随着年龄的增长而提高，并且由于气质相关。具体而言，我们预测，对行为表现不准确的生理反应更强的儿童，无论年龄如何，都将证明与低抑制性控制（冲动性）和更高的负面影响相关的气质特征。