Micro and Macro Causes of Trends in Youth Smoking

青少年吸烟趋势的微观和宏观原因

基本信息

批准号：
6748121
负责人：
FRED C PAMPEL
金额：
$ 7.23万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2003-05-15 至 2006-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6748121
关键词：
adolescence (12-20)behavioral /social science research tag cancer risk culture health behavior health surveys human data interview questionnaires racial /ethnic difference secondary schools smoking socioeconomics tobacco abuse

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant) Cigarette smoking among youth has shown considerable fluctuation since the mid-1970s, having first fallen, then remained stable, then raised again, and most recently declined. Moreover, the trends differ strikingly across race and ethnic groups, with larger declines occurring among African-Americans and Hispanics than whites. Given the harm of smoking and the likelihood of teen smokers continuing the habit for decades to come, such trends have generated much interest. However, the research literature has done more to describe the trends than to explain them. Despite speculation about the possible role of changes in individual characteristics that promote smoking and of macro-level changes in cultural norms, social strain, media influence, and cigarette prices, tests of such claims are rare. This project proposes to extend the existing literature on youth smoking by examining both micro and macro-level determinants of changes in youth smoking. It will consider micro-level factors by examining changes in smoking and the individual-level determinants of smoking with survey data on high school seniors from 1976-2001. It will consider macro-level factors by linking the survey data to published data on aggregate determinants of smoking that are measured for the U.S. youth population as a whole. Combining the micro and macro-level data in multilevel models will then allow tests of the explanations at both levels. The goals of the project thus involve secondary analysis of data relevant to tobacco use etiology, and the impact of socioeconomic, ethnic, and cultural factors on cancer-promoting behavior. The aims further reflect a change in the principal investigator's interests to behavioral research in cancer control.

描述（由申请人提供）自20世纪70年代中期以来，青少年吸烟率呈现出相当大的波动，先是下降，然后保持稳定，然后再次上升，最近又下降。此外，不同种族和族裔群体的趋势存在显着差异，非裔美国人和西班牙裔美国人的下降幅度比白人更大。考虑到吸烟的危害以及青少年吸烟者在未来几十年继续吸烟的可能性，这种趋势引起了人们的极大兴趣。然而，研究文献更多地描述了这些趋势，而不是解释它们。尽管人们猜测个人特征的变化可能会促进吸烟，以及文化规范、社会压力、媒体影响和卷烟价格等宏观层面的变化可能发挥作用，但对此类说法的检验却很少。该项目建议通过研究青少年吸烟变化的微观和宏观决定因素来扩展有关青少年吸烟的现有文献。它将利用1976年至2001年高中生的调查数据，通过检查吸烟的变化和个人层面的吸烟决定因素来考虑微观因素。它将通过将调查数据与针对整个美国青年人口衡量的吸烟总体决定因素的公布数据联系起来，考虑宏观层面的因素。将多层次模型中的微观和宏观数据结合起来，就可以对两个层次的解释进行检验。因此，该项目的目标包括对与烟草使用病因学相关的数据进行二次分析，以及社会经济、种族和文化因素对致癌行为的影响。这些目标进一步反映了主要研究者对癌症控制行为研究兴趣的变化。